6

1. 6127. vnuyly should be vnuysly.
1. 6133. leue should be lene, lend, grant; from A.S. læn, a loan.

1. 6176. The rb. loute (A.S. hlútan) is used both with and without
the prep. to following : here, and in 11. 6213, 6235, without it; but in
1. 6251, with it.

1. 6186. takell, weapons, bows and arrows : sometimes means an arrow, as in Doug. Virg., p. 300, 1, 20; · Christ's Kirk,' st. 10; Chaucer's Cant. Tales, Prol., 1. 106. The word is still used in Scotland in the sense of arms, instruments; and is common among workmen when speaking of the tools with which they work.

1. 6256. fer, contr. for ferre, further.

1. 6258. stert rpon stray, begin to move, attempt to stir out of his proper place : the phrase is capable of different applications, and occurs twice in Golagros and Gawane (11. 19 and 992).

1. 6265. bes (imper. pl.), be ye. ware, wary. By combination we have our present form, beware.

waytys (imper. pl.), watch, carefully attend. Wayt occurs as a sb. in Il. 6270, 7352: in l. 6270 = a watch, a guard; and in 1. 7352, we have waites watchmen, or, the watches :--the word is still used in both senses.

1. 6325. qwat should be pat; but the line is still imperfect : pro-
bably it should be, “ And þat so tendit to be [ton, þe] totheris was all ”

and what harmed the one, was the other's harm too.
1. 6368. Polidarius the porknell : see 11. 3837-42.

1. 6394. Toke his horse with his helis = struck the spurs into his
steed : toke is thus used again and again in this work, as in l. 7508,
toke hym in the face ; l. 8224, toke hym on þe hed, &c. These expres-
sions are still in use.

1. 6107. Compare with Morte Arthure, 1. 2069.

1. 6109. Compare with 11. 5939, 7004, 7310, and with Jorte Arthure, 11. 2:251, 2975.

1. 6139. for wepyn or other in spite of all opposition: for is still used in this sense.

11. 6510-17. Compare with Morte Arthure, 11. 1792-9, 2086-92.

1. 6613. at probably should be had: a very likely mistake for a
scribe writing to dictation.

1. 6640. 3op, inore commonly zepe : see Glossary.
1. 6663. Luggit, dragged (Su.-Goth. lugga): is still used.

1. 6730. luskit to ground, dashed to the ground, laid flat on the
earth : lusk seems like the Ger. lauschen, to lurk, to lie flat, to lie
in wait.

1. 6745. odmony, a great many. For the various meanings of od, see Glossary : some of them are still in use.

1. 6789. Mony lyue of lep? : compare with Morte Arthure, l. 2084,
some leppe fro the lufe.

1. 68:22. gyuen bake, turned about, gave way: see 1. 6860.
1. 6823. fight should be flight. fay worthit, were cut down.

1

6

1. 6838. refe hym his fos, snatch liim from his foes : the omission of the preposition in such phrases is pretty frequent in this work.

1. 6865-6. no noy feld, felt none of the brunt. baners on brede occurs in Norte Arthure, 1. 3646.

1. 6941, in holl quert, safe and sound : in quert seems to have been used as the phrase “ hale and hearty is now: it occurs in The Awntyrs of Arthure,' 1. 244, and in Golagros and Guwane, 1. 586; and Sir F. Madden, in his Glossary to these pieces, renders quarte, quert = good spirits, joy.

1. 6992. said ought to be sad, as in 11. 1277.

1. 6918. Issit, rushed, dashed : in 1. 5781 it occurs as ysshit: see , Glossary.

1. 7005. Þe slade moue, the mouth or entrance of the valley : moue, the mouth, is still common.

1. 7033. blody beronyn, run over with blood, i.e. covered with it. It occurs in ‘Death and Liffe' in the Percy Folio MS.

1. 7049. wirdis, destiny, fate : cf. Ger. werden, to become. Rubric. By Ector, with reference to Hector.

1. 7107. tuk of a trump, blast of a trumpet. Tuck of drum is a phrase still used : see Jamieson's Dict.

1. 7122. And ay worth vnto verre, and always became worse and worse.

1. 7149. for, on account of—i. e, as a provision against. 1. 7171. Venus : the alliteration here makes it Wenus, as in 1, 2987.

1. 7197. syttyn, sitting-i. e. fitting, suitable: see, under Sitte, Glossary.

1. 7207. þe tru vp = the (time of the) truce run out: as in the time's up.'

1. 7273. dernly ought to be deruly = derfly, quickly, hastily.

1. 7302. launchand, rusling, bounding : in 1. 5810, the rb. is launse ; and in William of Palerne, 1. 2755, it is launce. Cf. Fr. se lancer.

1. 7308. Compare this line with Morte Arthure, 11. 979, 1388, 2182, 2201 : indeed, the whole passage (7304-10) may be compared withi M. A., 1382-9), and 2197-2203. 1. 7316. hondqwile hand-while, comm

monly hanla-while handywhile, a short time: just as a hand-full = a small quantity, a small number. See Jamieson's Dict.

1. 7398. stere stir, commotion, strife: is still used. Compare the next two lines with Jorte Artlure, ll. 2095-6.

1. 7430. swagit swacked : similarly, huggit hacked, 1. 10023. Both words are still used in Scotland. 1. 7458. In Morte Arthure, 1. 2079,

“The stede and the steryne mane strykes to the grownde." Compare also 1. 11091 with M. A., 11. 1488, 3823.

1. 7191. naited pere strenght, plied their strength, exerted themselves to their utmost. See Jamieson's Dict. under Nat, Vote : Ger. nützen.

1. 7496. caupil : see note, I. 7533.

9

.

1. 7507. aykeward awkward, i. e. sideways.

1. 7512. sud : for various meanings see Gloss., and Gloss. to Wm. of Palerne.

1. 7533. Kuppit the caupe, received the stroke, arrested the blow : kop is still so used. caupe Ital. colpo, a blow, is the root of the verb caupit in 1. 7496.

1. 7551. sute, pursuit : in l. 6014, suet.
1. 7570. oure side londes, our wide, or, broad lands: side, A.S. sid.

1. 7619. skewes, clouds, heavens : A.S. scua, a shade, a shadow. See Gloss.

1.7621. raynit, rushed, gushed. Compare this meaning with that in l. 676, which is still used; and for other meanings in this work, see Gloss. : see also Gloss. to Wm. of Palerne.

1. 7628. teghit, tugged, pulled : A.S. teon.

1. 7651. reueray, clamour, scolding : Fr. resverie, idle talking, raving. See Jamieson's Dict.

1. 7724. his stepe loke, his deep-set eyes, or, his out-shot, glaring eyes : 8hpe is still used in both senses. See 1. 3758, and Chaucer's Prologue, 1. 747.

1. 7733. Compare with Morte Arthure, 1. 449.

1. 7758. Maxhoun, monster, devil : a term of opprobrium that tells of Crusading times, and is still applied to the devil, as in . The Deil's A wa Wi' the Exciseman,' by Burns.

1. 7766. Vrbest un-beast, i. e. misshapen beast.

1. 7861. maitles, perhaps should be maicles, matchless. The line seems to run thus :— And though we are (by entertaining the proposal of a truce) ruining our superiority, let us do so no longer.'

1. 7895. bone, prayer, request.
1. 7904. chaped, escaped : like scaped in 1 m. of Palerne, 1. 2752.
11. 7926-7. brond egge brand's edge. fild of = felt soine of.

1. 7937. [trere), MS, has where : in Wm. of Palerne the same form occurs three times; viz. in 11. 261, 502, 2750.

1. 7915. uonsp d wan-speed failure of good speed. Cf. wanhope failure of hope, despair.

1. 7983. Omit the comina after have,

1. 8029. Bresaide : this is surely a muddle between Briseis and Cressid.

1. 8037. 8 8 hym, make him to cease.

1. 8016. Compare with ll. 8705, 9454, 10365, 10567, 10761-2, and these with Norte Arthure, 11. 715-16, 2961-2, 4247, 4273.

1. 8053. fir, probably should be firre further, as in l. 4782.

1, 8120. file defile. The line runs thus :— Every man will blame you, and defile your fair fame,'

1. 8176. yom ryg, sorrowing (at their parting). yettyng, shedding : A.S. geótan : 11124-Goth. yiutun : Dutch, gieten.

1. 8194. thr xil, bold, brave: thristliche, boldly (used poetically) occurs in Wm. Pul rne, 1. 191.

1. 8231. Mony ledes with his launse out of lyfe broght. Compare with 11. 7683, 8633, 9892, 10158, and with Morte Arthure, 1, 1820,

“Many lede with his launce the liffe has he refede." The phrase, out of lyfe broght, is in Morte A., 11. 1775, 1800, 3520, broghte owte of lyfe : also, in 1. 1282 of this work, we find, and hym o liue broght; and in M. A., 1. 802, and broghte hyme o lyfe.

1. 8296. dernly, a misprint for deruly, fiercely.

1. 8313. tes, raises, elevates; hence, adores : is still in use. See Jamieson's Dict.

1. 8341. foale, a horse : still a common word among farmers and horse-dealers.

1. 8386. Rowchet, a mistake for cowchet = inlaid, set,—which the alliteration demands. See Kowchit in l. 11789.

1. 8418. How odd !-a Parliament of Kings, Lords, and Commons during the siege of Troy! Evidently, from the way in which our author speaks of them here and elsewhere, such a parliament was the only kind he had known : note too the mode of affirming the truce.

1. 8437. by tale in order.
1. 8444. unfitting should be unsittyng.
1. 8653, shot = cast, flung.

1. 8677. gawlyng, yelling, lamenting : still in use in the form gowling. See Goulen in Gloss, to Havelok (ed. Skeat): also Jamieson's Dict.

11. 8695-6. woke, watched : in the same sense as at the Irish wake, Remyng, crying, lamentation : A.S. hreman, to cry, to weep, to lament. rauthe reuthe, ruth: A.S. hreów, reów, grief, sorrow.

1. 8732. to fele, to perceive, to smell. 1. 8753. As a gate, as a way, i, e. the steps were a way to go up by. 1. 8810. fynet not to bren, ceased not to burn, never went out.

1. 8850, what dem þar us ellus what (part of our) destiny must we yet work out: þar need, as in the Prick of Conscience, l. 2167 (Morris).

1. 8884, to fylsy, to swell out, to increase : the word is still used as an adj.-—-filschy. See Jamieson's Dict.

1. 8924. gyng, gang, followers : A.S. genge, a flock. 1. 8963. unfittyng, should be unsittyng unseemly.

= passus. 1. 8994. þere fos found for to greue, (they) go with the design of punishing their foes,

1. 9024. triet, great, splendid: see Gloss. to Wm. of Palerne, under Trie.

1. 9019. forset = for-set, hemmed in, cut off, prevented in the old sense of the word): the alliteration suggests that the accent is on set.

1. 9061, birlt & pirlet are still used. Compare with Morte Arthure, 11, 1413, 1858, 2167.

1. 9085. entiret = interred: in 1. 9106 we find entierment burial. In some of the country districts of Lanarkshire both words are still so pronounced.

1. 8970. pase

:

11. 9127-33. sourcher = sour-cher, evil cheer, sadness, choking agony. facid defaced : see facing, I. 9215.

1. 9141. moron or moru mylde : in Dunbar's 'Twa Maryit Wemen,' 1. 513, we find, — The morow myld wes and meik,' &c.

1. 9153. hatnet, heated, inflamed.

1. 9159. grym is here grief: more commonly anger, and in the form greme. See Gloss.

1. 9210. dreghly can syle, slowly began to compose himself. 1. 9242. In þat at in that which, as far as.

II. 9268-70. seruet deserved. ekys = increases : eke is still used both as a verb and a noun = to add to, an aiddition.

1. 9320. This line is another proof that our author had read Piers Plowman : in Wright's ed., p. 10, we find :

“And comen to a counseil for the commune profit." 1. 9337. leuet = lived, remained: see also in l. 9358.

1. 9406. Ile gird hym thurgh the guttes with a grym speire. In the Morte Arthure, 11. 1369-70, we have,

“He gryppes hym a grete spere, and graythely hym hittez

Thurghe the guttez in-to the gorre he gyrdes hym ewyn." Compare also 11. 10.704-5 with Morte A., 11. 2167-8; 11. 9431-2 with M. A., 4116-7; and 11. 9539-40 with M. A., 4251.

1. 9448. me tenys, (which) pains me. of = out of, from.

1. 9454. Sweyt, slipped, sunk. Swe (to swing, to swing round, to swing gently backward and forward, hence, to turn over gently, to slip, to sink) has been omitted in arranging the Gloss. : it is still used as here,

11. 9465-9. Compare this passage with Morte Arthure, 11. 2123-5 : also 11. 9481-3 with M. A., 1771-4.

11. 9511-3. chrickenede, were terrified: Ger. schrecken, to terrify. This word is wrongly rendered in the Gloss.

scrive, noise, roar (of the flames) : any rushing noise is still called a scrive or screve. wappond, lashing, dashing in all directions. loghys, in 1. 9512, may be rendered either lowes flames, or, lowes

lodges, tents, as in l. 4951.

1. 9625. the gre, the degree, highest place, post of honour : still in use.

1. 9639. Donkyt, damped, suffused : compare with I. 512 of Dunbar's 'Twa Maryit Wemen.'

1. 9707. Ve was hit not, nay, was it not, or, was it not : like the French, n'était il

pas. 1. 9794. Evidently this is another line from Piers Plowman : see Wright's ed., p. 44:.

“Than laughte thei leve, thise lordes, at Mede." 1. 9903. Perhaps hym should be inserted before titly. 1. 9928. but no wothe in = but not mortally, or, but not deeply.

1. 10022. Pailit, drove, cut their way : compare with mallyng, in l. 9520, and both verbs with the term pell-mell.