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GEN. POLYPEDATES, Tschudi, apud Duméril and Bibron.

Terminal joints of the fingers and toes widened into a large disk; fingers slightly webbed at their base; Eustachian tubes large; in other particulars resembling Limnodytes.

POLYPEDATES LEUCOMYSTAX, (Gravenhorst.)

SYN.-Hyla maculata, Gray, Illust. Ind. Zool.
Hyla leucomystax, Gravenhorst.

Polypedates leucomystax, Tschudi, apud Dum. and Bibr.

Upper parts changeable: buff, ashy grey, chocolate brown, tinged with rose-or lilac, minutely or largely spotted with black. Upper lips white. A blackish band occupying the sides of the head, from the muzzle to tympanum. Beneath whitish or grey, uniformly, or minutely dotted with black. Posterior surface of the thighs blackish or vermiculated with white. Iris silvery or buff; pupil horizontally rhomboidal.

HABIT.-Pinang, Singapore, Malayan Peninsula.

Malabar and Coromandel Coast, Bengal.

This species has the power of changing its colours as above described. Although it inhabits Singapore and the sultry plains of Bengal, it appears not to occur in the valleys at Pinang, but to affect the hills, at an elevation of more than 2000 ft., with a mean annual temperature of about 71°

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Body inflated; skin warty; parotids porous; toes united by a rudi

mentary membrane; no teeth.

BUFO MELANOSTICTUS, Schneider.

SYN.-Bufo scaber, Daudin.

Bufo bengalensis, Daudin.

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Kákong," "Kátak púru," of the Malays of the Peninsula.

Above earthy brown, grey or buff, in some marbled with black; lips, parotids, crests of the head, points of the tubercles, and last joints of fingers and toes: sooty, or black. Beneath buff, in some vermiculated with black. Iris golden brown; pupil transversely rhombic. HABIT.-Malayan Peninsula and Islands.

Java, Tenasserim, Bengal, Coromandel.

In the Malayan countries this species swarms in valleys and hills. It has in a slight degree the power of changing its colours, and it utters a chirping, plaintive sound. The largest individuals examined, measured

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Tongue an oval disk, thick, free only at the lateral margins. Palatal teeth. Eustachian tubes very minute. No parotids. Four free fingers with the terminal joint widened, truncated. Five toes united at the base by a very small membrane, the terminal joint not widened; sole with two soft tubercles between tarsus and metatarsus. versal processes forming triangular palettes.

HYLÆDACTYLUS BIVITTATUS, N. S.

Sacral trans

Upper parts and outside of extremities brownish olive with distant small black spots. Head from the muzzle to the middle of the orbit whitish. A broad whitish band edged with black from the posterior angle of the eye, along each side to the loins. A shorter, oblique, similar band from the posterior angle of the eye. Beneath whitish, vermiculated with brown. The throat of the males black. Iris golden brown; pupil transversally rhombic.

HABIT.-Malayan Peninsula.

From H. baleatus, Tschudi, the present species differs both in colours and in the following particulars. The profile from the nose to coccyx forms a considerable arch, the highest part of which is the centre of the back. The male is provided with a vocal sac, the large openings of which are situated on each side of the tongue, and their presence is easily detected by the laxity of the (black) skin of the throat, which forms a broad transversal fold. Between the small openings of the Eustachian tubes the palate presents a considerable transversal fold of the skin, the free margin of which is fringed, which gives it the appearance of a row of teeth. A similar fold has been observed by M. M. Duméril and Bibron in the genera Plectropus, Dum. and Bibr., and in Uperodon, Dum. and Bibr. In front of this fold is another smaller, between the orbital protuberances. Behind each of the large internal openings of the nostrils, is an arched bony ridge, which in H. baleatus supports a few teeth. In the only individual of the present species examined, the free margin of the ridge is cutting, but without teeth. Over the symphysis of the lower jaw there is a small pointed process, fitting into a corresponding cavity in the margin of the upper jaw. In this species no less than in Uperodon marmoratum, Dum. and Bibr. nearly the whole of the thigh is hidden by the skin of the body, so that the posterior extremities are free but from a little above the knees. This character does not appear to exist in Hyladactylus baleatus, as it is not mentioned in the description of that species by M. M. Duméril and Bibron. On the anterior part of, the back appear some indistinct rounded elevations; the rest of the upper parts is smooth. The skin of the throat and abdomen presents numerous transversal wrinkles, and is covered with minute tubercles. The toes are more slender than the fingers, and their last joint, although flattened, is not so broad, as that of the fingers, which is of a somewhat triangular form, truncated in front. In II. baleatus the fingers are longer than the toes. In the present species however the longest finger, the third, is nearly one-fourth shorter than the fourth toe.

The only individual which I had an opportunity of examining, after its death, was a male taken in a field near Malacca. It was of the following dimensions:

Length of the head,
Ditto ditto trunk,

03 inch.

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In the nomenclature adopted in the preceding Catalogue it has been my wish strictly to adhere to the Rules proposed by the Committee of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, published in the Report of the twelveth Meeting, Rules with which I regret I was unacquainted before the publication of the Catalogue of Malayan Mammalia.

I have to acknowledge my sense of obligation to the Hon'ble Sir William Norris, late Recorder of II. M. Court of Judicature in the Straits of Malacca, to W. T. Lewis, Esq. Asst. Res. Councillor, Prince of Wales Island, to W. Montgomerie, Esq., M. D. late Senior Surgeon, Straits of Malacca, and to Capt. Congalton, H. C. Steamer Hooghly for their assistance, to me so much more acceptable, as the limited leisure left me by the superintendence of six Hospitals in Prince of Wales Island, and a seventh in Province Wellesley, was latterly curtailed by additional, extra-professional duties, imposed upon me by the present local head authority in the Straits.

Fort William, June 1st, 1847.

EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.
PL. XX. Dilophyrus grandis, Gray.-(Natural size).
PL. XL. FIG. 1. Calamaria longiceps, Cantor.-(Magnified.)
FIG. 2. Lycodon effrænis, Cantor.—(Magnified).
FIG. 3. Dipsas boa, (H. Boie.)—(Natural size).
FIG. 4. Homalopsis hydrina, Cantor.-(Natural size).

FIG. 5. Homalopsis leucobalia, Schlegel, Var.-(Natural size).
FIG. 6. Elaps melanurus, (Shaw.)—(Natural size).

FIG. 7. Elaps nigromaculatus, Cantor.-(Natural size).

FIG. 8. Hydrus nigrocinctus, (Daudin.) Var ?—(Natural size).

FIG. 9. Trigonocephalus sumatranus, (Raffles.) Var.-(Natural

size).

ADDENDA.

P. 609. To SYN. Emys crassicollis, Bell, add: apud IIorsfield: Life of Raffles.

P. 614. To Gymnopus gangeticus, (Cuv.) add: SYN. Trionyx ocellatus, Hardwicke (Young), apud Jaquemont: Atlas: Pl. 9.

P. 622. To SYN. Crocodilus biporcatus, Cuv. add: apud Horsfield : 1. c. P. 903. To SYN. Python des isles de la Sonde, add: Cuvier, R. A.

LATITUDINAL DISTRIBUTION OF REPTILES

Inhabiting the Malayan Peninsula and Islands and other Localities.

[Sp. prefixed to localities signifies that they are inhabited by species of which varieties occur in Malayan countries.]

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4 Emys trivittata, Dum. & Bibr. Pinang, Malayan Pen- Bengal, Assam.

insula.

5 Cistudo amboinensis, (Daud.) Singapore, Malayan Java, Amboina, Philippines, Tenasserim Provinces.

Peninsula.

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7 Gymnopus gangeticus, (Cuv.) Pinang, Malayan Pen Rivers and Bay of Bengal.

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9 Gymnopus indicus, (Gray.) Pinang, Malayan Pen Rivers of India, Philippines.

insula.

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Islands.

1Crocodilus vulgaris, Cuv. Malayan Peninsula & Java, Sumatra, Tenasserim, Var. B, Dum. & Bibr.

Bengal, Coromandel, Malabar.

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