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Sibia, but it incurves less than in Sibia, and has the tip of its upper mandible slightly bent over, and emarginated feebly; the upper ridge being more obtusely angulated than in the others: nostrils somewhat large, the orifice reduced to a fissure by the overlapping membrane : rictal bristles fine and inconspicuous. Wings rather short, and rounded; having the first primary but half the length of the third, and the fourth and fifth longest: the tertiaries broad, and almost truncate. Tail somewhat long, having its three medial pairs of feathers equal, the rest graduating. Legs too much destroyed in the only specimen examined, to permit of description.

L. annectans, nobis. Length about seven inches and a quarter, of wing three and an eighth, and tail three and a half, its outermost feathers an inch less; bill to gape three-quarters of an inch, and tarse seveneighths. Colour of the back, rump, and upper tail-coverts, bright rufo-ferruginous (much as in the male Cutia nipalensis); the great range of wing-coverts broadly tipped, and the tertiaries edged externally towards their base, with the same: scapularies, flanks, and lower tailcoverts, weaker ferruginous, and a trace of the same at the setting on of the neck throat and breast pure white; the head, neck, and earcoverts, black, mingled with brownish upon the crown, and streaked on the nape with white wings and tail black, the caudal feathers whitetipped, and successively more deeply so to the outermost; the primaries and secondaries edged externally with ash-grey, and the tertiaries bordered with white round their broad tips. Bill black, with the base of the lower mandible yellow; and the legs pale. From Darjeeling.

Garrulax, Lesson. To the synopsis of this genus in XIV, 598 et seq., I have only further to add, that Mr. Jerdon has favored me with a copy of Buffon's figure, in the Planches Coloriés, upon which was founded G. perspicillatus, (Gm.); and this confirms me in my opinion that the species is alike distinct from G. Belangeri and G. leucolophos, though nearly allied to both, and forming with them a particular subsection. Of G. Belangeri, the Society has been recently favoured by Mr. Barbe with many specimens from the Tenasserim Province of Yé,* all exactly agreeing in their distinctions from G. leucolophos of the Himalaya, Assam, Sylhet, and Arracan: and also with specimens of G. pectoralis from the same part, remarkable for the very slight develop* Also with others from the vicinity of Amherst, forwarded by E. O'Ryley, Esq.

ment of the black pectoral band, which in one is indeed wanting altoge ther, though on minute inspection a black dash may here and there be seen upon a few of the feathers that should constitute the band in question, and which band is particularly well developed in some Arracanese specimens. The G. McClellandii, nobis, judging from Dr. McClelland's figure of it, is probably a variety only of G. moniliger.

Pomatorhinus, Horsfield. A synopsis of this genus was attempted in XIII, 946; to which I should have added P. Isidorei, Lesson, from New Guinea, described in the Diet. Class. The form of the wing is, however, so different in the Australian species, that (as long ago suggested by Messrs. Jardine and Selby, in their Illustrations of Ornithology,' it is probable that they will have eventually to be separated. Two other additional species are described in XIV, 597; and I have now to add

P. olivaceus, nobis, n. 8.: probably (rather than P. schisticeps) the P. montanus apud McClelland and Horsfield, P. Z. S. 1839, p. 166. Allied to P. schisticeps, P. Horsfieldi, and P. montanus. Size of the two last, with bill of intermediate length. Colour of the same uniform dull olive-green above as in P. schisticeps, with a faint rufescent tinge on the nape; head of the same olive-colour as the back throat, breast, and middle of the belly, together with a long superciliary streak, pure white; beneath the latter, the lores and ear-coverts are black, and beyond the ear-coverts there is ferruginous spot on the side of the neck, continued as a slight border to the white breast: flanks and lower tailcoverts olivaceous. Bill yellow, the upper mandible dusky above at base; and feet leaden-brown. Length under nine inches; the wing and middle tail-feathers respectively three and seven-eighths; bill to gape an inch and a quarter; and tarse the same. From the Tenasserim Province of Yé, whence sent by Mr. Barbe. Dr. McClelland's figure of his P. montanus, from Assam, seems to agree with this; but may prove upon examination to be distinct, in which case it might stand as P. assamensis, McClelland, MS. From bill to forehead the drawing measures an inch, wing three inches and a half, and tail about three and three-quarters.

P. melanurus, nobis, n. s. Resembles P. Horsfieldi, but seems always to have a shorter bill, and the colours are more brought out: the hue of the upper-parts is more rufescent, the tail much blacker, and the

cap is suffused with blackish, mingled with rufescent, but contrasting with the rufescent hue of the rest of the upper-parts. The black of the tail affords the readiest distinction. Inhabits Ceylon.

P. rubiginosus, nobis, XIV, 597. All the specimens of this bird which I have hitherto seen, from Darjeeling, correspond with my description of the supposed male; having the cap black, and some erect lengthened plumes above the lores of the same deep rufous as the breast but the Arracan specimens, three in number, which I have now seen, alike correspond with my description of the supposed female; having the crown of the same olivaceous hue as the rest of the upper_ parts, this being of a greener tinge than in the Darjeeling birds; the feathers above the lores short and white, like the rest of the supercilium ; and the rufous of the under-parts is much weaker and more fulvescent. Hence, I now suspect that they are two distinct species, and shall designate that of Arracan P. Phayrei.

Gampsorhynchus rufulus, nobis (XIII, 371, XIV, 596). Mr. Hodgson has sent a description of this curious species, from which may be cited "Irides straw: bill sordid brown; legs sordid fleshy-grey. Expanse of wings eleven inches and a quarter." I have also seen several more specimens, nearly all of which had a greater or less intermixture of whitish feathers (as described).

Mixornis chloris, Hodgson, XI, 794, XIII, 380 (Motacilla rubica. pilla (?), Tickell). This has since been described by Mr. Hodgson as M. ruficeps, H., P. Z. S. 1845, p. 23.*

Stachyris ruficeps, nobis, n. s. Allied in form and size to St. pyrrhops, Hodgson, XIII, 379; but having the crown light ferruginous, and the chin and middle of the throat white, with slight black central streaks to the feathers: rest of the upper-parts plain olive, and of the lower whitish, with a fulvous tinge on the sides of the neck and breast. Length of wing two inches and an eighth, and of tail an inch. From Darjeeling.

In XIII, 370, I remarked the near affinity of Timalia hyperythra, Franklin, for the Malacocerci; an opinion fully borne out by subsequent observation of the habits of the species in its native jungles: but I find

And in Mr. Gray's list of Mr. Hodgson's specimens presented to the British Museum, it is identified with Timalia gularis, Horsfield; though I question upon sufficient grounds, however closely allied.

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that T. hyperythra of Jerdon's list, inhabiting southern India and Ceylon, differs from true hyperythra, which I obtained in the Midnapore jungles, in having the chin and throat white, and the ferruginous hue of the rest of the under-parts rather deeper. The length of recent specimens was five inches and a half, by six and half in alar expanse; closed wing two inches, to two and an eighth iris brown; bill pale, darker above; and legs carneous. This bird occurred in flocks, and its note considerably resembles that of Malacocercus caudatus, except in being proportionally weaker. Should it be considered separable, as a species, from its representative in southern Indią, the latter might stand as M. (?) albogularis, nobis. The difference is, indeed, somewhat like that between Geocichla citrina and G. cyanotus.

Of the more typical species of Malacocercus (vide XIII, 367 et seq., and XIV, 597), several additional specimens of M. striatus from Ceylon are true to the characters which I pointed out as distinguishing this bird from the closely allied M. terricolor* of Bengal, &c.; though the approximation of some of them is extremely close and with these, Dr. Templeton has favoured the Society with examples of a new species, which may be termed

M. rufescens, nobis. This pertains to the same section of the genus as M. striatus, terricolor, malabaricus, and griseus; but has the tail longer and more graduated ;—in this respect, and in its colouring, approximating to the other or long-tailed section. Length above ten inches, of wing four, and tail five inches, its outermost feather an inch and three-quarters less; bill to gape an inch, and tarse an inch and three-eighths. Colour deep brown above, with no intermixture of grey except upon the crown, and bordering the primaries; flanks, abdomen, and lower tail-coverts, much the same; but the throat and breast vinaceous-brown. Bill and feet bright yellow. Inhabits Ceylon.

With regard to my identification of this bird with Turdus canorus, Lin. (XIII, 368), on the authority of Edwards's figure and description of his 'Brown Indian Thrush,' Mr. Strickland writes me word:-" Turdus canorus, L., is not founded on Edwards, pl. 184, (though Linnæus erroneously quotes that plate in his synonymes). T. canorus, L., is founded on T. chinensis, Osbeck ; out of which Linnæus also inadvertently established his Corvus (vel Lanius) faustus. The latter specific name should stand, being used by Linnæus in his Amanitates Academica, prior to using canorus in the Syst. Nat.

(N. B. Osbeck's name chinensis is out of the pale of the binomial nomenclature.) This bird has a white streak behind the eye, and is the Ianthocincla canora of my Chinese list Ann. Mag. N. H. 1843, p. 221."

Some doubt still remains respecting the identification of Garrulus albifrons, Gray, with M. Malcolmi: but to the former must be referred the Pale-eared Trush of Latham; and his Gogaye Thrush is evidently a species nearly allied to M. Earlei and M. caudatas. Both the latter occur plentifully in Lower Bengal, above the tideway of the river; frequenting hedges and small detached trees in the open cultivated country, and never "mango topes" or groves, like M. terricolor. It is remarkable that M. Earlei has the iris bright light yellow, while that of M. caudatus is dark hazel.*

The Timalia hypoleuca, Franklin, v. T. Horsfieldi, J. and S., is cited as Chrysomma hypoleucos, (Fr.) Hodgs., in J. A. S. XIV, 602, and Mr. Hodgson has designated the group Chrysomma in P. Z. S. 1845, p. 24. I agree with him that it is justly separable. This bird is the Parus sinensis, Lath., which specific name should stand, provided the species prove to inhabit China. It is also the Gotah Finch, and Emberiza calfat, var. A, of Latham.

Genus Prinia, Horsfield, and its immediate affines. This group was treated of in XIII, 375 et seq., and some more recent discoveries in it by Mr. Jerdon are alluded to in XIV, 490. That gentleman has since obliged me with the loan of his specimens ; and it appears that a further dismemberment of the series is required, than the separation of the little group Cisticola. Without coining a new name, the species may be distributed under Prinia, Cisticola, and Drymoica.

The typical Priniæ have a rather longer, straighter, and more slender bill, which in all the Indian species appears to be constantly of a black colour; and the hues of the plumage are mostly pure greyish and brightish olive-green above, with clear fulvous-white or yellow below. Altogether, they approximate more to the Orthotomi, or Tailor-birds; so much so, that Mr. Swainson has suggested that Pr. familiaris of Java is "probably an aberrant species of Orthotomus ;" and Col. Sykes remarks, of his Pr. socialis, that it constructs the same ingenious nest, and has the same habits, same note, and feeds in the same manner, as

Recently, I have observed M. caudatus in abundance, in low bush cover in the vicinity of Midnapore; and M. Earlei, also, is common in some parts of the same district, in general frequenting higher bush-jungle.-This genus, Malacocercus, seems to be wholly Indian, and finds its nearest allies in the African Crateropodes. The Burmese and Malayan countries seem to have no immediate representatives of it; and, in the latter more especially, species of Garrulax seem to be almost wholly wanting.

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