is confirmed by the fact that there are other villages named Alhābās or Ilahābās in the Doab. When the name was written in Persian, as on the copper coins, somebody noticed the fact that it could be read Ilahabās and the circumstance that it was close to a very holy place of the Hindus easily led to the conversion into Ilahābād (founded by a god, not the God).

BINDRABAN.-See also Muminābād. It has been suggested that Mūminābād is the town of that name in the Dekhan, and also that it is Bindrabān. My silver coin of Shah Alam II gives both Müminābād and Bindrāban.

PATNA. I am not quite satisfied with the reading of Patna on B.M., Nos. 209 and 215 (see Plate VI). The name is written differently from the ordinary way. I have a coin of Aurangzeb in which the same difference is to be observed, but cannot suggest a satisfactory reading.

PESHAWAR. The coin of Akbar noted from this mint is B.M., No. 177, which is not very rare. The B.M. Catalogue gives Sītāpūr as a preferable reading, while Rodgers read Sitpūr, and identified it with a town of this name in the Muzaffargarh District.

JAUNPUR. The mint on a copper coin of Akbar II was read by Vost and White King as Dar-ul-Musawwir, Deh, Jaunpūr. Major Vost now agrees with me that the correct reading of the mint on that coin should be Dar-ul-Manşür, Jodhpūr. The title Dar-ul-Mansür appears on coins struck in the name of 'Alamgir II, and also on coins struck in the name of Shah Alam II, while the sword on the obverse of the coin under discussion is one of the special marks of the State. I have, therefore, shown this coin under Jodhpūr not Jaunpūr.

CHACHRAULI. This is probably the capital of the Kalsia State in the Panjab, and it seems to me most likely that the name on the coin in the P.M. read Kachrauli is really Chachrauli. I have not been able to find any place called Kachrauli. The descriptions of the coins (Panjab Catalogue, No. 24, p. 236, and Calcutta Catalogue, No. 13106, p. 83), correspond very closely.

HAFIZĀBAD. From the style of the coin, that marked under 'Alamgir II appears to be rightly assigned to that king and not to 'Alamgir I.

HUSAINĀBAD.-I have marked the copper coin of this mint of Shah

Alam II, published by Major Vost1 as doubtful. It seems to me more probably a coin of Najibabad. The silver coins of Husainābād are unmistakable.

DEOGARH. The reading of this name by Oliver on a dam of Akbar is doubtful, and it is possible that Dogam is the correct reading. There is no doubt about the name on rupees of Shah 'Alam II.

ZAIN-UL-BILAD. -Dames quotes Zinat-ul-bilad as a mint of Rafi'ud-darjāt. Taylor has, however, shown that that mint is really Ahmadabad. The coin here referred to is different......

FATHĀBĀD.-I have only seen a rubbing of the coin with this mint, and there is something besides this name, which Mr. Nelson Wright has suggested may possibly be Dharwar.

FARRUKHĀBĀD. - This mint is at first without any other name, but from 'Alamgir II it is called Ahmadnagar Farrukhābād. The earliest date I have seen from which the second name is used is the third year of 'Alamgir II, while Farrukhābād alone occurs as late as the seventh year of Ahmad Shah or 1167 A.H. The Bangash territories of Farrukhābād were confiscated in 1163 A.H. under Ahmad Shah, of Delhi, but were recovered by Ahmad Khan Bangash the next year. It seems to me probable that the latter gave his name to the town, in view of his later successes.

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MUHAMMADNAGAR.-In the inscription on the coin of this mint in the Panjab Museum as given in the Catalogue, p. 226, No. 16, it does not appear that there is also another name. That coin is dated in the 11th regnal year and 1183 A.H. I have seen two other coins of Muhammadnagar, one dated 11 and 1184, and the other 12 without a Hijri year which exactly resemble this in type, but in addition to Muhammadnagar there is a name which may be read as Banda or Tanda, viz., بانده As one of these coins turned up 'in a treasure trove in which all the coins were fairly new, and all the known mints were in Rohilkhand, it seems probable that this mint is to be placed there, but so far I have been unable to trace in. Tända seems to me the most likely name, as this is fairly common in the sub-montane districts and means an encampment of Banjāras, who are especially numerous there.

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MUSTAFA-ĀBĀD. -Dames refers to three places of this name: “One is in the Dekhan, being another name for Chopra (see E.D., VII, 307); one is in the Doab between Agra and Mainpuri, and one in what is now the Ambala District, which was plundered by the Sikhs in A.H. 1121

1 J.A.S.B., 1895, p. 46, and Pl. III, fig. 30.

2 Num. Chron., 1902, p. 278.

3 J. Bo. Br. R. As., 1900, p. 436.

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(E.D., VII, 423). It is not far from Sādhaurā (wrongly spelt Shādhūrā in E.D.), and will not be found on most modern maps, but is given in Rennell's map of Hindostan of 1782. This is no doubt the place which Capt. Vost mentions1 as between Saharanpur and Ludhiana, and it seems to be a probable position for a mint in Shah 'Alam's time, although the site near Agra is also a possible one."

I am unable to find anything at all in favour of Chopra being a mint of the Mughals. The Mustafa-ābād of the Mainpuri District only appears on our maps as it is the village at the headquarters of a tahsil (since 1824) and gives its name to a pargana. The Mainpuri Gazetteer (p. 746) gives no historical connections with the place. The reference to Elliott's mention of Mustafa-ābād in the Panjab does not help much, as it refers to the impoverished people of the place, and includes it with others as "old seats of population; " I can find no later reference of any importance attaching to it. Mr. C. S. Delmerick, however, called my attention to the fact that Rampur, capital of the native state of that name in the United Provinces was also known as Mustafaābād. A possible objection to this identification is that a native history says the city was founded in 1189 A.Η. (1775 A.H.) while the coins are dated as early as 1184 A.H. On the other hand the history

of the Rohillas used by Hamilton, shows that Faizullah was settled at the city of Rampur as early as 1165 or 1168 Α.Η. (1754), and this is accepted by all writers. We know that the towns occupied by the other heads of the Rohillas, Bareilly, Aonla, Bisauli, Murādābād, and Najibābād were all issuing coins, and it seems to me most probable that the Mustafa-ābād mint was at Rampur.

MUMBAI.-As in the case of Arkat I have included coins of the East India Company.

NAGPUR. I think there can be no doubt that the coin on which the mint was read by Rodgers as Dar-ul-barat Kāndi is really Dar-ul-barakāt Nāgpūr, as read by Vost and King, and I have therefore omitted Kandi. It has been suggested to me by Mr. Nelson Wright that Nagor should be read for Nāgpūr, and he prefers that reading on his coin of 'Alamgir II.

HANSI (SAHIBABAD). The reading of the inscription given by Cunningham in Compton's Military Adventurers, p. 143, is not correct. Şahibābād is quite clear on a coin of Mr. Nelson Wright's.

UNCERTAIN MINTS.-I have only included one of the numerous uncertain names we have, because it seems possible that this may be read and identified.

Note. Since this paper was written, the valuable collection of Mr. Ellis has been acquired for the Lucknow Museum,