A fleshy

3. PENTAPHRAGMA RIDLEYI, n. sp., King & Gamble. herbaceous plant, 10 to 12 in. in height; stem 25 in. thick, smooth, at first creeping afterwards erect. Leaves ovate, equal-sided, bluntly acute at apex, cuneate at base, 6 to 8 in. long, 3.5 to 4.5 in. broad, glabrous on both surfaces, entire or only very minutely dentate on the margin; midrib broad, main-nerves 4-5 pairs nearly straight, slanting upwards; petiole 1 in. long. Inflorescence a short, 1 to 15 in. long, nearly sessile spike, with 2-ranked flowers between ovate-spathulate usually 3-nerved glabrous pale bracts; each flower with a 15 in. long, linear-spathulate, 1-nerved bracteole, ciliate at tip; flowers small, 2 to 25 in. long, Calyx-tube adnate to the ovary; lobes 4-5, equal or unequal in size, usually 1 in. long, 3-nerved, the nerves arching. Corolla-tube short, lobes 4-5, linear-oblong, emarginate, recurved, glabrous without, minutely pubescent within, white spotted at base with purple, nerves 3. Stamens adnate at base to the corolla-tube, 05 to 07 in. long, anthers club-shaped, filaments dilated below. Ovary turbinate, 3-celled; ovules many on axile placentas; stigma rounded, 3-5-lobed, on a very short conical style. Fruit a berry, conical at top, apparently indehiscent; seeds rather few and large; testa beautifully reticulate.

SINGAPORE: Ridley 103.-In damp ravines at Bukit Timah (Herb.

Kew).

4. SPHENOCLEA, Gaertn.

An annual erect glabrous herb, of marshy places. Leaves alternate, lanceolate, entire. Flowers in dense cylindric terminal or leaf-opposed peduncled spikes; very small, sessile, each with one bract and two bracteoles. Calyx-tube adnate to the ovary, turbinate or hemispherical; lobes 5, sub-foliaceous. Corolla campanulate, 5-lobed, valvate. Stamens 5, inserted on the base of the corolla; filaments shortly dilated; anthers short, free. Ovary semi-inferior, 2-celled; placentas axile, bearing many ovules; style short, stigma obscurely 2-lobed. Capsule semiinferior, depresso-globose, circumsciss at the margin of the calyx-tube, the crown and calyx-lobes deciduous. Seeds very numerous, minute, oblong. A single species.

SPHENOCLEA ZEYLANICA, Gaertn. Fruct. I. 113, t. 24, fig. 5. An erect annual herb, 1 to 2 feet high. Leaves alternate, lanceolate, narrowed at both ends, 2 to 3 in. long, 25 to 1 in. broad, entire, sessile or shortly petioled, smooth, midrib and main-nerves faint. Flowers in dense, cylindric, terminal or leaf-opposed, peduncled spikes; peduncles 5 to 1 in. long; spikes 5 to 1.5 in., bract and bracteoles very small. Calyx-tube adnate to the ovary, turbinate or hemispherical, lobes 5, ovate, 05 to 06 in. long, somewhat enlarged in fruit and inflexed over

the disk. Corolla campanulate, 5-lobed, 07 to 1 in. long, greenishwhite, lobes short, rounded. Stamens 5, inserted at the base of the corolla-tube; filaments short dilated; anthers 2-celled, rounded, about as long as filaments. Ovary semi-inferior, 2-celled; placentas axile, stalked, bearing many ovules; style short, stigma obscurely 2-lobed. Capsule depressed-globose, circumsciss at the margin of the calyx-tube, the crown and calyx-lobes deciduous. Seeds very numerous, oblong, minute, scabrous; testa reticulate with rectangular cells. Wall. Cat. 1516; Roxb. Fl. Ind. I. 507, Fl. Ind. ed. Carey and Wall. II. 116; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. II. 569; Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. XLVI. ii. 209; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Br. Ind. III. 438; Trimen Fl. Ceyl. III. 519; Baillon Hist. des Plantes, VIII. 327, t. 158-161; Cooke Bomb. Flora, II. 75; Prain Beng. Plants I. 635; Schönl. in Engl. and Pr. Pfilz-Fam. IV. 5, 61, fig. 38. S. Pongatium, A. DC. Prod. VII. 548; Wight Ill. t. 138. Pongatium indicum, Lamk. Ill. II. 444; Encyc. Meth. Bot. V. 564. Gaertnera Pangati, Retz Obs. VI. 24. Rapinia herbacea, Lour. Fl. Cochinch. (ed. Willd.) I. 157. Sphenoclea, Griff. Notul. IV. 276. "Pongati," Rheede Hort. Mal. XI. 47, t. 24.

MALACCA: Griffith.-DISTRIB. Swampy places and wet fields, and along river banks in tropical regions of both hemispheres.

Order LXV. VACCINIACEÆ.

Shrubs or small trees, often epiphytic, with stems swollen at the base. Leaves alternate or in pseudo-whorls, entire dentate or serrate, evergreen, ex-stipulate. Flowers in terminal or axillary racemes, or solitary and axillary, hermaphrodite, usually regular; pedicels 1-bracteate and also often with 2 bracteoles, often articulate beneath the Ovary. Calyx campanulate or cupular, the tube adherent to the ovary, its limb persistent on the fruit, usually 5-toothed. Corolla tubular (sometimes inflated), campanulate or globose, 5-toothed or 5-lobed, usually imbricate, deciduous. Stamens 10, epigynous, inserted at the base of the corolla-tube; anthers opening by apical pores, or often produced into 2 tubes, opening by slits, filaments flattened, free or connate by their bases. Ovary inferior, crowned by an epigynous disk, 5-celled or falsely 10-celled; style cylindric; stigma simple; ovules many (rarely few), the placentas axile or pendulous from the upper inner angle of each cell. Fruit baccate, rarely dry, 5- or falsely 10-celled. Seeds numerous or few (rarely only 1) in each cell, small, compressed, albuminous. Species about 350, natives chiefly of cold and temperate regions throughout the world.

Corolla long and tubular or campanulate, with long segments:

Shrubs, often epiphytic, the stems often much swollen near the base. Leaves usually coriaceous, alternate, sometimes in pseudowhorls, from linear to elliptic, entire or toothed, sessile or with short petioles, often glandular near the base. Flowers axillary, solitary, corymbose or in fascicles; the pedicel often thickened or articulate under the ovary, bracts small. Calyx globose, the limb with 5 persistent teeth or lobes. Corolla tubular or campanulate, the limb with short or long lobes, red, but often with transverse marks or with greenish-white lobes. Stamens 10, usually with short filaments; anthers oblong, each with 2 long apical processes, opening by pores or slits, often spurred behind. Disk pulvinate, often lobed. Ovary 5-celled or falsely 10-celled; style cylindric; stigma capitate; ovules numerous. Berry globose, nearly dry or succulent, 5- or 10-celled, sometimes opening by pores round the disk within the calyx-teeth. Seeds numerous, ellipsoid, testa lax.-DISTRIB. 30 species, mostly Himalayan, a few Malayan.

AGAPETES GRIFFITHII, Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Br. Ind. III. 449. An epiphytic shrub, 3 to 15 feet long, with a tuberous stem; young branches half as thick as a goose-quill, terete, glabrous. Leaves thinly coriaceous, oblong-lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, always caudateacuminate, the base rounded, both surfaces pale olivaceous-brown when dry, glabrous, minutely reticulate; main-nerves 5 or 6 pairs, curved, ascending, faint on both surfaces; length 3.5 to 6 in.; breadth 1 in. to 2-65 in.; petiole ·15 in. long or under. Flowers 3 to 4 in. long, axillary, always on slender pedicels four or five times as long as themselves, with 1 or 2 narrow bracteoles near the base, glabrous, axillary, solitary, in pairs or in lax racemes. Calyx 1 to 2 in. long (enlarging in fruit), campanulate, with 5 deep spreading triangular lobes. Corolla 25 in. long, tubular-campanulate, the mouth with 5 triangular sub-erect acute lobes. Anthers inserted at the base of the corolla-tube, linear, with 2 long apical beaks dehiscing longitudinally, and 2 posteriorlyprojecting curved spurs; filaments shorter than the anthers, hairy. Fruit globular, glabrous, crowned by the small inflexed calyx-lobes. Seeds about 20, compressed, tubercled, black.

MALACCA: Griffith. PERAK: at elevations of 2,800 to 4,000 feet, Wray 1071; King's Collector 3831, 6363, 8051; Ridley 5532; Scortechini.

2. PENTAPTERYGIUM, Klotsch.

Shrubs, often epiphytic and with stems much thickened at the base. Leaves alternate, ovate or lanceolate, sub-entire or toothed, coriaceous, often with glands at the apex of the petiole. Flowers axillary, solitary, fascicled or corymbose; the pedicels thickened near the apex, cupular and jointed under the ovary, bracts small. Calyxtube large, tubular, with 5 wings or prominent angles; its lobes 5, enlarged in fruit. Corolla tubular, the mouth with 5 short lobes, coloured red or yellow, and often transversely marked. Stamens 10, epigynous, the filaments short; anthers elliptic, produced into 2 long beaks, opening by apical pores or slits, and often spurred behind. Ovary 5-celled or spuriously 10-celled; style cylindric, often exserted; stigma sub-capitate; ovules very numerous. Fruit baccate, 5-winged or 5-ribbed, 5-celled or spuriously 10-celled. Seeds numerous, ellipsoid. -DISTRIB. About 6 species, natives of Eastern Himalaya, Khasia, Malay Peninsula.

A sar

PENTAPTERYGIUM SCORTECHINII, n. sp., King & Gamble. mentose shrub, 4 to 10 feet long, growing on rocks or trees; young branches somewhat thinner than a goose-quill, terete, glabrous, pale brown when dry. Leaves thickly coriaceous, ovate to ovate-rotund, the apex blunt or sub-acute, the base broad and rounded but sometimes slightly emarginate, the edges much recurved when dry; upper surface shining, glabrous, pale olivaceous-brown; the lower darker; midrib strong, deeply depressed on the upper surface, prominent on the lower; main-nerves about 4 pairs, spreading, the two lower much the larger, all curved, mostly depressed on the upper surface and prominent on the lower; length 1.75 to 3 in.; breadth 8 to 2 in.; petioles ·25 to 4 in. Flowers 1 in. long, few together, in axillary or terminal corymbs; their pedicels about 6 in. long, with 1 or more linear bracts at the base. Calyx inflated, tubular, narrowed towards the mouth, glabrous, lobes of the mouth triangular, acute, erect, the lower half of the tube attached to the ovary. Corolla inserted on the concave disk of the ovary, slightly exserted from the calyx, tubular, inflated towards the middle; lobes of the mouth short, lanceolate, reflexed; tube with rufous pubescence outside, glabrous within; style cylindric, glabrous, slightly exserted. Fruit unknown.

PERAK, at elevations of about 4,500 feet: King's Collector 8152; Wray 210; Scortechini 309.

3. VACCINIUM, Linn.

Shrubs, sometimes epiphytic. Leaves usually small, alternate, but sometimes in pseudo-whorls, from lanceolate to ovate, entire or serrate.

Flowers usually small, axillary or terminal, in racemes fascicles or corymbs rarely solitary, usually bracteate and bracteolate. Calyx-tube globose, its teeth 4 or 5, small. Corolla urceolate, tubular or ovoid, 5-lobed, pink white or greenish-yellow. Stamens 8 or 10, free, inserted near the base of the corolla-tube; anthers oblong, with two apical cylindric tubes dehiscing by terminal slits, sometimes appendiculate at the base (apical tubes very short in one or two species). Disk cushionshaped, convex, sometimes lobed. Ovary 4 or 5-celled, or falsely 8-10-celled; style cylindric; stigma simple; ovules few or several in each cell. Fruit a more or less globose berry, crowned by the persistent. calyx-lobes, 5-celled or falsely 10-celled. Seeds small, 1 or more in each cell, ellipsoid, compressed; testa firm, smooth.-DISTRIB. Species about 140, in the Northern Hemisphere or on mountain ranges in the tropics.

Leaves broadly elliptic, ovate-rotund or oblanceolate, the apex broad, sometimes minutely apiculate but never acute, very coriaceous:

Leaves under 75 in. in length, elliptic or obovate-elliptic; corolla 3 in. long, tapering to the mouth; a small glabrous tree or bush..

Leaves under 1 in. in length, ovate or elliptic; corolla 2
to 25 in. long, the mouth wide, truncate; an epiphytic
shrub, glabrous except the scurfy branches..
Leaves elliptic, their apices sub-obtuse, the base truncate
or minutely cordate, 1 to 1.35 in. long; flowers enveloped
in large deciduous bracts

Leaves broadly oblanceolate or spathulate, much narrowed to the base Leaves obovate-elliptic, slightly narrowed to the apex but never acuminate, coriaceous; flowers 35 in. long, in axillary racemes

Leaves elliptic to elliptic-oblong, sub-acute acute or acuminate :

1. V. Scortechinii.

2. V. microphylla.

3. V. glabrescens.

4. V. viscifolium.

5. V. Teysmanni.

6. V. bancanum.

7. V. Kunstleri.

8. V. Hasseltii.