called. This was printed by John Awdely, with the statement of the very day on which it was published, "the xij of December, 1571," about five months after the execution of Felton, who is expressly brought forward as a recent example of the crimes and punishments of Roman Catholic traitors.

BARNFIELD, RICHARD.-Lady Pecunia, or The praise of Money. Also a combat betwixt Conscience and Covetousnesse. Togither with The complaint of Poetry for the death of Liberality. Newly corrected and inlarged by Richard Barnfield, Graduate in Oxford.-Printed by W. I. and are to be sold by Ihon Hodgets, dwelling in Paules Churchyard, a little beneath Paules Schoole, 1605. 4to. 26 leaves.

It is no small tribute to Barnfield that two poems printed by him, or for him, in 1598, having in the next year been inserted in Shakespeare's "Passionate Pilgrim," were long thought by many to be the property of Barnfield, on account of his priority of claim. In 1598 the fine sonnet in praise of Dowland and Spenser, "If music and sweet poetry agree," and the beautiful lyric, "As it fell upon a day," were first published as Barnfield's, in a work which then bore the following title :

"The Encomion of Lady Pecunia, or The praise of Money.-quærenda pecunia primum est, Virtus post nummos.-London, Printed by G. S. for Iohn Jaggard, and are to be solde at his shoppe neere Temple-barre, at the Signe of the Hand and starre. 1598." 4to.

John Jaggard, who published the above, was brother to William Jaggard, who published Shakespeare's "Passionate Pilgrim," and in some unexplained manner the two poems we have designated, “If music and sweet poetry agree" and "As it fell upon a day," the authorship of our great dramatist, found their way out of the hands of W. Jaggard into those of John Jaggard; who, we may suppose, was, in 1598, on the point of publishing Barnfield's "Encomion of Lady Pecunia:" there he inserted them; but they, nevertheless, made their appearance in 1599 in The Passionate Pilgrim," by which it was made to seem as if W. Jaggard had stolen the poems from J. Jaggard, because the latter had printed them as Barnfield's in the year preceding.

The reverse was, however, the fact; and the matter stood thus doubtfully until the year 1605, when Barnfield (perhaps partly on this account) putting forth a new impression of his "Encomion" under a different title, and with many important changes, expressly excluded from that reimpression the two poems, which he knew did not belong to him, and which he presumed were the property of Shakespeare.

Hence the especial value of the second edition of the "Encomion," since it may be said to ascertain that John Jaggard, wishing to swell Barnfield's small volume in 1598, did so by inserting in it two pieces that did not belong to the author of the rest. The second edition of Barnfield's " Encomion," under the title of "Lady Pecunia, or the praise of Money," was not known at all until a comparatively recent date; and still more recently it was discovered that it did not contain the poems to which Barnfield seemed to have the earliest title. In 1605 Barnfield was too honest to retain what had been improperly attributed to him in 1598. The Sonnet and the Poem are therefore not to be traced in the volume in our hands, which forms part of the Library at Bridgewater House.

As the earliest impression was accurately reprinted for the Roxburghe Club in 1816, it is hardly necessary here to say more about it, than that in 1598 it was made especially applicable to Elizabeth and her reign. In 1605 all the lines mentioning or alluding to her were omitted or altered to suit the altered circumstances of the time: thus, for a passage, heaping well-worded adulation upon the queen, we meet with the following, which extravagantly applauds her successor, and forms the 37th and 38th stanzas of the main poem, which is headed "Lady Pecunia" :

"But now more Angels than on Earth yet weare
Her golden impresse, haue to Heaven attended
Her Virgin-soule: now, now, she sojornes there,
Tasting more joyes then may be comprehended.

Life she hath changde for life, (oh, countlesse gaine!)
An earthlie rule for an eternall Raigne.

"Such a Successor leaving in her stead,
So peerelesse worthie, and so Royall wise,
In him her vertues live, though she be dead:
Bounty and Zeale in him both soveranize.
To him alone Pecunia doth obay;

He ruling her that doth all others sway."

Barnfield proceeds in the same strain for three other stanzas. It is a very clever poem, and it is not surprising that it was popular, although no other copy of this edition is known, and those of 1598 are

of the utmost rarity. The subsequent are four stanzas from an earlier part of "Lady Pecunia," numbered severally 16, 17, 18, and 19:—

"But now unto her praise I will proceed,
Which is as ample as the world is wide.

What great Contentment doth her presence breed
In him that can his wealth with Wisdome guide!
She is the Soveraine Queene of all Delights:
For her the Lawyer pleads, the Souldier fights.
"For her the Merchant ventures on the seas;
For her the Scholler studies at his booke;
For her the Usurer (with greater ease)
For silly fishes lays a silver hooke;

For her the Townsman leaves the country village;
For her the Plowman gives himselfe to tillage.
"For her the Gentleman doth raise his rentes ;
For her the Servingman attends his mayster;
For her the curious head new toyes invents;
For her to sores the Surgeon lays his playster:
In fine, for her each man in his Vocation
Applies himselfe in every sevʼrall Nation.
"What can thy hart desire, but thou mayst have it,
If thou have ready money to disburse?

Then, thanke thy Fortune that so freely gave it,
For of all friends the surest is thy Pursse.

Friends may prove fals, and leave the in thy need,
But still thy purse will be thy friend indeed."

"Lady Pecunia" consists of 56 such stanzas, followed by "the Author's Prayer to Pecunia," and by "The Combat betwixt Conscience and Covetousness in the minde of Man," a sort of Dialogue, in couplets, occupying four leaves. "The Complaint of Poetry," &c. (which in the copy of 1598 precedes "The Combat," &c.) is in 45 stanzas, concluding with "A comparison of the Life of Man," in seven lines. On the last page, in 1605, is the following remarkable "Remembrance of some English Poets," viz., Spenser, Daniel, Drayton, and Shakespeare.

"Live Spenser ever, in thy Fairy Queene,

Whose like (for deepe Conceit) was never seene :
Crownd mayst thou be, unto thy more renowne,
(As King of Poets) with a Lawrell Crowne.
"And Daniell, praised for thy sweet-chast verse:
Whose Fame is grav'd on Rosamond's blacke Herse :
Still mayst thou live, and still be honoured,

For that rare worke, the White Rose and the Red.

"And Drayton, whose well-written Tragedies,
And sweet Epistles, soare thy fame to skies,
Thy learned Name is equall with the rest,
Whose stately Numbers are so well addrest.
"And Shakespeare, thou, whose hony flowing vaine,
(Pleasing the World) thy Praises doth containe;
Whose Venus, and whose Lucrece (sweet, and chast)
Thy name in Fame's immortall Booke have plac't,
Live ever you, at least in Fame live ever:
Well may the Body die, but Fame die never."

E

These verses vary only literally in the two editions of 1598 and 1605. The whole work is introduced by eight dedicatory lines, not addressed to any particular person, and by two pages of prose "to the gentlemen Readers," in which Barnfield mentions his Cynthia. In the Epistle before that poem, printed in 1595, he speaks of his Affectionate Shepherd as his "first fruit." Cynthia was his second production; and the tract under review his third. It is now ascertained that Barnfield was not the author of Greene's Funerals, 1594, attributed to him by Ritson and others. In the introductory matter to his Cynthia, he mentions that a second book had been falsely assigned to him, probably referring to Orpheus his Journey to Hell, 1595, to which his initials R. B. seem to have been fraudulently affixed.

Barnfield's Praise of Money, in 1598, was, no doubt, the occasion of a poem called The Massacre of Money, by Thomas Achelley, in 1602, for an account of which see p. 7.

BARTHOLOMEW FAIR.-Bartholomew Faire, or

Variety of fancies, where you may find

a faire of wares, and all to please your mind.

With the severall Enormityes and misdemeanours, which are there seene and acted.-London, Printed for Richard Harper at the Bible and Harpe in Smithfield. 1641. 4to. 4 leaves.

Although very few of them have come down to us, the Registers of the Stationers' Company bear witness that, almost annually, some new publication was issued to attract buyers who frequented Bartholomew Fair: the title of one of these we have placed at the head of the present article; but we will first advert to another production of the same class which was entered at Stationers' Hall as early as July 16th, 1607, in anticipation of the fair, which at that period commenced on the 24th August. Only a fragment of it has been preserved, which has no title page (it is possible that it never had one) and no conclusion, but which is headed "Newes from Bartholomew Fayre," and is wholly in verse. Its existence has only recently been pointed out, and it has never been examined. In the entry at Stationers' Hall it is attributed to Richard West, who was also author of "The Court of Conscience, or Dick Whippers Sessions," 4to. 1607, a piece in pari materiâ, though not

especially addressed to the visitors of Bartholomew Fair. It is for-
tunate that this imperfect specimen has been saved from destruction,
but it is a large fragment, consisting of 12 4to. pages, and thus opens :-
"Those that will heare any London newes,

Where some be merrie, and some do muse,
And who hath beene at Bartholomew Faire,
And what good stirring hath beene there,
Come but to mee, and you shall heare,

For among the thickest I have beene there."

And so West proceeds, in a different measure, to enumerate many of the commodities sold in the fair more than 250 years ago, viz. :—

"There double beere and bottle-ale

In everie corner hath good sale :
Many a pig, and many a sow,
Many a jade, and many a cow:
Candle rushes, cloth, and leather,
And many things came in together:
Many a pound and penny told,
Many a bargain bought and sold,
And tavernes full in every place."

Taverns lead West to dissert upon noses, especially red ones, acquired in taverns; and he laments especially the loss by death of Nos maximus omnium in a merry jumble of nonsense, which however contains various popular and personal allusions :

"The Can maker cried, as if he had bin mad :
O sticks and stones, brickbats and bones!

Briers and brambles,

Cookes shops and shambles!

O fishers of Kent,

Heycocks and bent!

O cockatrices and hernshawes that in woods do dwell!

O Colliers of Croydon,

O rusticks of Roydon !

O Devills of hell!

O pewterers and tinkers,

O swearers and swinkers,
O good ale drinkers!" &c.

He assigns different places, at the funeral of Nos maximus omnium, to noses of all descriptions, who, in spite of the sad ceremony, are to meet and be merry, exclaiming,

"Hang him at Wapping

That will not tipple and be merry,

With a nose as red as a cherry.

Hey! over the ferry

Into Bucklers berry,

Where good men be dwelling,

That have sugar selling

To make claret wine

In the goblet to shine;
And make noses fine,

Like thy nose and mine."