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and "a truss of poles" on his shoulder. The plate and the description in the ballad also very exactly tally as to the Broom-man :

"Old shoes for new brooms

The Broom-man he doth sing,
For hats or caps or buskins,

Or any old pouch-ring."

Turner, however, gives several "Cries " not included in the engravings, such as "The Waterman," ," "The Blacking Man," "The Pedlar," "Cherry ripe," "Buy a Mouse-trap," &c. The following are two of his stanzas:

"Ripe, Cherry ripe

The Coster-monger cries;
Pippins fine, or pears.

Another after hies

With basket on his head

His living to advance,

And in his purse a pair of Dice
For to play at Mumchance.

"Hot pippin pies

To sell unto my friends;

Or pudding pies in pans,

Well stuft with candles ends.

Will you buy any Milk,

I heard a wench that cries:

With a pale of fresh Cheese and cream

Another after hies."

In the British Museum is preserved a series of "Cries of London," resembling in design those under consideration, but larger in size, and much coarser in the style of engraving.

DANIEL, SAMUel. The First Fowre Bookes of the civile wars between the two houses of Lancaster and Yorke. By Samuel, Daniel. Etas prima canat veneres postrema tumultus. At London, Printed by P. Short for Simon Waterson. 1595. 4to. 89 leaves.

This is the first edition of Daniel's Civil Wars: a fifth book was added in 1599, but it is sometimes appended to the first four books in 1595. As far as regards the first four books, the edition of 1599 precisely agrees with that of 1595, having been printed from the very same types, and without even the correction of the errors of the press.

None of Daniel's biographers notice the fact that he had travelled in Italy, no doubt early in life, and perhaps in the capacity of tutor to the son of the Countess of Pembroke. That he had visited that country we have upon his own evidence. In the same year that he published the work before us, he reprinted his Delia, Rosamond and Cleopatra, in 12mo. and one of the sonnets in his Delia is there headed, "At the Author's going into Italie;" and another is thus introduced, "This Sonnet was made at the Author's being in Italie." It will not be out of place here to insert Daniel's dedicatory sonnet to the Countess of Pembroke, which precedes the editions of his poems in 1594 and 1595, 12mo. It is gracefully and gratefully worded:

"Wonder of these, glory of other times!

O, thou whom Envy e'vn is forct t' admire;
Great Patronesse of these my humble rymes,
Which thou from out thy greatnes doost inspire,
Sith onely thou hast deign'd to raise them higher:
Vouchsafe now to accept them as thine owne,
Begotten by thy hand and my desire,
Wherein my zeale and thy great might is shown.

And seeing this unto the world is knowne,

O, leave not still to grace thy worke in mee!
Let not the quickning seede be over-throwne
Of that which may be borne to honour thee;
Whereof the travaile I may challenge mine,
But yet the glory (Madam) must be thine."

The poet has here followed more closely than most of his contemporaries the exact structure of the sonnet, a form of poetry which perhaps he learnt to admire and to adopt while he was in Italy.

"The first four Books of the Civil Wars" were ushered into the world in 1595, without any dedication or prefatory matter. The probability is, that the copies did not then sell, as they were preceded by a new title-page, and followed by another book of the same poem in 1599.

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DANIEL, SAMUEL. The Civile Wares betweene the Howses of Lancaster and Yorke, corrected and continued by Samuel Daniel, one of the Groomes of hir Majesties most honorable Privie Chamber &c. Printed at London by Simon Watersonne. 1609. 4to. 120 leaves.

The above is an engraved title-page by F. Cockson, containing a portrait of Daniel in the centre, followed by the dedication to the Countess Dowager of Pembroke, in which the author refers to the many impressions through which this work had passed, without the addition of two books, (the third book being enlarged and divided), which are here for the first time printed, making eight books in the whole. It brings down the history to the marriage of Edward IV.; but Daniel, as he informs Lady Pembroke, meant to continue it "to the glorious union of Henry VII." This part of his task he never completed, but (as he proposed in the end of the dedication) commenced a history of England in prose.

The alterations in this edition of the Civil Wars, even of those parts of the work professed to be republished, are very considerable; and Daniel omitted at the end of the second book an elaborate eulogium of the unfortunate Earl of Essex, which originally appeared in 1595, including the following stanza :

"Thence might thy valor have brought in despight

Eternall tropheis to Elizas name,

And laid downe at her sacred feete the right

Of all thy deedes, and glory of the same.

All that which by her powre, and by thy might,

Thou hadst attaind to her immortall fame,

Had made thee wondred here, admir'd a farre,
The Mercury of peace, the Mars of warre."

There seems to have been no political reason for excluding this, and other stanzas in the same spirit, after James I. came to the throne, but they were never restored.

Daniel, Samuel.-The Works of Samuel Daniel. Newly augmented. Etas prima canat veneres, postrema tumultus. London Printed for Simon Waterson. 1601. folio. 193 leaves.

This is an unknown edition of Daniel's productions, but it agrees in all essential particulars with the common impression dated 1602. The poet seems to have printed his Works in 1601, upon large paper, as gifts to his patrons, and the present copy was accompanied by a letter to Lord Ellesmere, then Sir Thomas Egerton, Keeper of the Great Seal. (Vide " New Facts regarding the Life of Shakespeare," p. 52).

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After the title-page comes an address "To her sacred Majestie," in four octave stanzas: then "The Civil Wars," in six books, followed by "Musophilus." The folios, which are numbered, end with "The Civil Wars,” and fresh signatures commence with “ Musophilus." This portion is succeeded by "a Letter from Octavia to Marcus Antonius," and by "the Tragedie of Cleopatra." "The Complaint of Rosamond" precedes "Delia," consisting here of fifty-seven sonnets, to which are added "an Ode" and "a Pastoral," concluding the volume.

DANIEL, SAMUEL.-A Panegyrike Congratulatory delivered to the Kings most excellent majesty at Burleigh Harrington in Rutlandshire. By Samuel Daniel. Also certaine Epistles. With a Defence of Ryme heeretofore written, and now published by the Author. Carmen amat, quisquis carmine digna gerit. At London Printed by V. S. for Edward Blount. n. d. folio. 40 leaves.

Although there is no date on the general title-page of this volume, the titlepage to the second portion of it, "Certaine Epistles after the manner of Horace, written to divers noble Personages," bears the date of 1603. There is a third title-page to the "Defence of Ryme against a pamphlet entituled Observations on the Art of English Poesie," without date, and this last portion of the work is sometimes, though rarely, found appended to the folio edition of Daniel's Works, 1602. The first and third title-pages are within ornamental

compartments, with the royal arms at the top, and Queen Elizabeth's favourite motto, Semper eadem, below them.

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The present is the only known complete copy of this edition of Daniel's 'Panegyric Congratulatory" and "Epistles," and it was most likely printed in folio for presents. The author perhaps gave them to the "noble personages" whom he addresses in the "Epistles," viz. Sir Thomas Egerton ; Lord Henry Howard; the Countess of Cumberland; the Countess of Bedford; Lady Anne Clifford; the Earl of Southampton; and the Earl of Hertford. The volume has an introductory dedication to the latter, which was not afterwards reprinted when it was published in 8vo., 1603. The folio probably came from the press before James I. reached London, and the "Panegyric Congratulatory" was delivered to him in Rutlandshire.

Daniel was a fastidious author, and very seldom reprinted a poem without making some alterations in it. The 40th stanza of the "Panegyric," in the folio before us, reads as follows:

"We shall continue one, and be the same
In Law, in Justice, Magistrate, and forme:
Thou wilt not touch the fundamentall frame
Of this Estate thy Ancestors did forme:
But with a reverence of their glorious fame
Seeke onely the corruptions to reforme;
Knowing that course is best to be observ'de

Whereby a State hath longest beene preserv'd."

In the 8vo. edition, which must have come out just afterwards, it runs thus:

"We shall continue and remaine all one,

In Law, in Justice, and in Magestrate:
Thou wilt not alter the foundation

Thy Ancestors have laide of this Estate,

Nor greeve thy Land with innovation,

Nor take from us more then thou will collate;
Knowing that course is best to be observ'de
Whereby a State hath longest been preserv'd."

It may be matter of speculation whether the author was induced to alter the stanza on account of any objection by persons in authority to the tone and spirit of its anticipations, or, because he himself disliked, as a matter of taste, that three lines should end with the syllable "forme." Spenser, Drayton,

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