On page 103, the request is for a hangar with shops containing 47,762 square feet. This item is required to support the aircraft of the 2d Armored Division. During fiscal year 1964, the number of aircraft assigned to this division will increase from 36 to 103, and the existing maintenance facilities will be critically inadequate to support this increase.

Senator SYMINGTON. General, did you skip 101, by any chance?

Major General SHULER. No, sir; 101 is part of the listing of all the line items, and 102 I covered on the JP-4 fuel. So I think that I am back in the right place now, sir.

Senator SYMINGTON. All right. Page 103.

Major General SHULER. As I say, sir, we definitely need this maintenance facility because of the increase in our aircraft up to 103, and this is the support of the 2d Armored Division, which is a very important part of our contingent.

Senator SYMINGTON. And now we go to 104.

REDUCTION BY HOUSE

Major General SHULER. This is an item, sir, that the House Appropriations Committee cut in half. So they reduced it by $1,450,000. Our request covers four battalion motor maintenance shops and facilities.

Each shop contains 20,240 square feet. The cost of this item includes the supporting facilities for these shops. This is required to support the 2d Armored Division. And these facilities, sir, will replace temporary, very inadequate buildings.

Presently the maintenance is dispersed throughout many buildings, with resultant inefficient utilization of manpower and equipment. When completed, 42 of these old temporary buildings will be demolished, because they are just not worth keeping.

Actually, sir, we have had a General Accounting Office report on our materiel readiness at this station, and we desire very much to see that our combat equipment is in tiptop shape. And one of the essential things is proper maintenance facilities, especially for tanks and the heavier type of equipment.

Senator SALTONSTALL. Would the Senator yield?

Am I correct, General, that the Senate put in these battalion repair shops that you are discussing in the authorization bill, and the House did not put them in originally in the authorization bill?

Major General SHULER. No, sir; both the House and the Senate authorized them. They are in the law, the authorization law. But the House Appropriations Committee cut the shop requests from four shops to two shops. And I would like to call to the attention of the committee that on page 104, under "Deficiency," in the lower lefthand corner of the block, there is 728,640 square feet. And that is really indicative of the fact that we have two armored divisions down there and a lot of deficiency in the maintenance facilities, which contributes to not being on a ready basis with our materiel. I just hope, sir, that this can be restored.

Senator SALTONSTALL. I had a vague memory that the House was not very optimistic about this on the authorization bill.

Major General SHULER. I have never heard any argument, sir, on

the authorization bill.

Senator SALTONSTALL. Then I may be wrong.

Senator SYMINGTON. All right.

Major General SHULER. Mr. Chairman, I would like to insert in the record our reclama for this item.

The overriding priorities given to the selection and assignment of special warfare personnel coupled with the intense and rigorous training these men undergo to meet special warfare goals and urgent requirements assigned by the present administration are inconsistent with the elimination of certain facilities for the Special Warfare Center, Fort Bragg, N.C., from the fiscal year 1964 construction bill.

Termination of project will result in an incomplete facility. Transportation requirements will increase over $54,000 annually and time involved in movement will cause about 370 man-hours daily time loss.

Gymnasium with pool

This building is to provide 2,900 personnel a facility for required daily special warfare training in judo, wrestling, and physical fitness program designed to equip these troops for hand-to-hand combat and for training in underwater demolitions and survival swimming. The facility will be available to over 4,400 men for off duty use. There is no gymnasium on Smoke Bomb Hill. The only facility which can be used is the post fieldhouse 2 miles distant, and which is controlled and used full time for all post personnel. If this facility is not constructed, the training and physical fitness associated with the special warfare program will suffer to a major degree.

Group headquarters buildings

The two group headquarters buildings must be constructed to provide an administrative control facility for the 5th and 7th Special Forces Groups, respectively; 180 headquarters personnel now occupy 12 one- and two-story temporary buildings. With construction of permanent barracks, the immediate problem of administrative control without group headquarters buildings would require either a diversion of group housing to accommodiate the headquarters, or, the location of the headquarters in inadequate substandard buildings located approximately one-half mile from the companies of the group. In addition, the above construction program would not provide a complete facility and would increase the time lost in traveling between offices, mess, and barracks about 120 man-hours daily.

PSYCHOLOGICAL WARFARE FACILITIES

A. Radio broadcast building

This building will provide a facility where two psychological warfare companies totaling 70 personnel can train in radio studio programing operations, maintenance, and broadcast. At the present time, the only facility is a temporary building with makeshift sound proofing and equipment. This so-called studio is 1.3 miles from the new special warfare facilities complex. One of the basic requirements of the psychological warfare battalion is to be capable of producing and broadcasting propaganda. Without this facility, training will be marginally effective. In order to supervise training and instruction most economically, it is essential that the studio be near the new complex included in the fiscal year 1964 program.

B. Operations building

These two buildings will house operational elements of the 1st and 13th Psychological Warfare Battalions. One will be used almost exclusively by the 45 personnel of the 1st Psychological War Company. The second will be used by 60 men from both battalions as a consolidated facility for production of drawings, sketches, and other printing media required for propaganda platoons and will provide space for training in all aspects of psychological warfare support to underdeveloped countries conducting counterinsurgency operations. Operations now occupy eight temporary substandard buildings located one-half mile from the new special warfare facility complex. Existing facilities do not lend themselves to continuous and interrelated operations. Unless the buildings are constructed, transportation between these inadequate facilities and the new area will cause each of the 60 men 1 hour time loss per day. In order that efficient operations may be carried on by the battalions, and these operations observed by students in the Special Warfare School, it is essential that they be colocated in the new area. If the facilities are not constructed, the training capability of the psychological warfare battalion will be seriously impaired.

C. Printing facilities

This item provided a capability and facilities for training in limited and mass production of propaganda leaflets and other printed media. Four small temporary substandard buildings are now used. Improperly designed, physically separated buildings do not lend themselves to mass production. Additionally, these buildings do not have humidity control necessary for proper operation of reproduction and printing equipment. Current facilities are 1 mile from the new area making administration difficult and present a bus operating cost over $2,500 annually, plus a 70 man-hour daily time loss. Under present conditions, training is impaired especially as applied to assembly-line production methods. There are no adequate buildings on Fort Bragg which are suitable for continued printing plant operations. In the event construction is not authorized, the capability to support the mission of the psychological warfare battalions will continue to be reduced below standard.

HOUSE REPORT STATEMENT (P. 6)

"The committee has approved $14,050,000 for Fort Bragg, N.C., including $11,973,000 for construction of facilities for the Special Forces complex. The requests for a gymnasium in the amount of $554,000, certain headquarters and administrative facilities in the amount of $744,000 and $538,000 for the Psychological Warfare School are denied. Existing facilities are adequate to meet the requirements for these functions."

DIVISION MAINTENANCE SHOP

Major General SHULER. The next item, sir, is on page 106.

This is the Division maintenance shop, for 14,950 square feet. This will provide a shop for use by the maintenance battalion of the 2d Armored Division in performing their 3d echelon maintenance on over 29,000 items of equipment, varying in size from 70-ton tanks to small optical devices. This range of equipment includes sensitive items requiring special security provisions. The work is now performed in two buildings of varying sizes. The one building large enough to accommodate tanks has no overhead crane, necessitating improvised lifting of heavy components. There is no security storage for sensitive items awaiting repair. One of these deteriorated temporary buildings will be demolished, and the other building will be returned to its designed use as a battalion motor repair shop. Senator SYMINGTON. All right.

25-747-63

NUCLEAR WEAPONS SHOP

Major General SHULER. The next item, on page 107, sir, is for a nuclear weapons maintenance shop. The location of the present temporary shop does not comply with the quantity-distance safety factor for nuclear weapon shops. The present building lacks the humidity control equipment required for this activity. Upon completion of this construction, the building in use will revert to its original designed use as a motor vehicle repair shop, for which it is presently urgently required, sir.

Senator SYMINGTON. Will these be tactical nuclear weapons?

Major General SHULER. Yes, sir; in connection with tactical nuclear weapons. This is simulated training.

Senator SYMINGTON. In connection with the tanks?

Major General SHULER. To be used in connection with the tanks, yes, sir, by the artillery support units.

Senator SYMINGTON. Fired out of the tanks?

Major General SHULER. No, sir.

Senator SYMINGTON. I do not think we ought to pursue that in an open hearing.

The next item.

AMMUNITION STORAGE MAGAZINES

Major General SHULER. Page 108; this item is for six ammunition storage magazines. Fifty percent of the ammunition inventory is now stored in the open at this station. Twenty-five percent in deteriorated temporary wooden-arch-type igloos, and only 25 percent in suitable facilities. Thus, 75 percent of the ammunition is subject to excessive rates of deterioration. Also, the temporary igloos do not meet quantity-distance safety requirements, nor can modern material handling equipment be used in stocking them and making issue to the troops. This would give us a more modern palletized method of handling this and correct our safety hazard.

Senator SYMINGTON. Very well. Next item.

WAREHOUSES

Major General SHULER. The next item is page 109, sir. It is for three warehouses containing 53,700 square feet.

There are no permanent type warehouses at Fort Hood, not a single one. All existing temporary warehouses are World War II vintage. They are overloaded, and open storage is used for much material that should be in covered storage, and the crowded conditions block the passageways.

We cannot use materials handling equipment due to the congestion and the deteriorated floor condition. This would alleviate these deficiencies, sir.

Senator SYMINGTON. Is Fort Hood your No. 1 armored base?

Major General SHULER. Fort Hood, sir, actually has two armored divisions stationed there, the 1st and 2d and one of them is the one that just completed the flight over to Europe and back, sir.

Senator SYMINGTON. Is this your No. 1?

Major General SHULER. I would say it has to be, sir, because we have two armored divisions there. Yes, sir; it is.

Senator SYMINGTON. How many armored divisions do you have, all told?

Major General SHULER. Mr. Foster, can you supply that?

Mr. FOSTER. I didn't understand the chairman. Did you say armored or Army?

Senator SYMINGTON. Armored.

Mr. FOSTER. There are four.

Senator SYMINGTON. How many divisions do you have in all now? Mr. FOSTER. There are four, two in the United States and two in Europe. There are sixteen divisions in the Active Army.

Senator SYMINGTON. How many of them are combat ready?

COMBAT-READY DIVISIONS

Mr. FOSTER. All of them, sir. Let me put it this way, Mr. Chairman. Up until about 2 years ago, five of our divisions were training divisions. The training load has been taken away from them. They were brought up to combat-ready status. And then those that were not organized under the ROAD concept are in the process of reorganizing to ROAD. This has perhaps pulled down their combat readiness to a degree. But I would not like to say that any of them are not combat ready, sir.

Senator SYMINGTON. So you have 16 divisions that you say are combat ready?

Mr. FOSTER. That is right, sir.

Senator SYMINGTON. How many have you in Germany now?

Mr. FOSTER. There are five in Europe.

Senator SYMINGTON. How many in the United States?

Mr. FOSTER. Eight.

Senator SYMINGTON. Where are the other three?

Mr. FOSTER. One in Hawaii; there are eight in the contiguous 48 States; one in Hawaii; and two in Korea.

Senator SYMINGTON. Total 16?

Mr. FOSTER. That is correct.

Senator SYMINGTON. We often see that you have six in Germany. Mr. FOSTER. They were referring to the Second Armored on the Big Lift operation, Mr. Chairman, moved over from Fort Hood for training purposes.

Senator SYMINGTON. The standard story is that you have five divisions there and enough combat units, regimental combat teams, et cetera, to make a sixth division.

Mr. FOSTER. Oh, that is true. Total combat potential would be six divisions plus, I daresay. But only five are actually organized as divisions.

Senator SYMINGTON. One more question on this, and we will get back to the main subject.

If you add up all the regimental combat teams, battalions, and so forth, that you have in addition to 16 divisions, then how many divisions do you have, worldwide?

Mr. FOSTER. Senator, I would like to put that in the record. It is a figure I don't have at my command.

Senator SYMINGTON. Will you do that, because it gets confusing when you have people say there are five divisions in Germany, and then somebody else says there are six.