Phonetics for Scottish Students: The Sounds of Polite Scottish Described and Compared with Those of Polite EnglishMaclehose, 1909 - 66 من الصفحات |
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عبارات ومصطلحات مألوفة
air-passage articulated au²r audible friction back vowel bət blade breath escapes breath passes cartilages curtains ðə də moust dəm dət dɛə dialect diphthong diphthongisation ǝgein ǝnd ǝv də ənd də əpɔn ət də əv də fər fiǝm fleim front ga:dn hard palate heard hər hiǝ High vowel hu² Inglis initial sounds Isolate larynx latter sound lips Mid vowel middle mouth is narrow movements muscles Nasal Nasal Consonants nose Open consonants opposing organ organs of speech passage phonetics place of articulation placed point-teeth Polite Scottish position Pronounce aloud pronunciation r-sound rounded Scot Scotland Scottish speakers slack soft palate spelling stail standard English Stop stop consonant student symbol teeth-ridge tense tongue is raised trill tu² unrounded unstressed upper teeth uvula voice-bands voice-curtains voiced voiceless wið windpipe wiþ words
مقاطع مشهورة
الصفحة 7 - ... kings down to Alexander III. ; and even after the War of Independence, John of Fordun (about 1400) expressly distinguished the Celtic of the original Scots from the Lowland tongue as Scotish. Speaking of his fellow-countrymen, he says1 : — " For two languages are in use among them — the Scotish and the Teutonic ; the people using the latter tongue occupy the seacoast and lowland districts ; the people of Scotish language inhabit the highlands and the isles beyond.
الصفحة 7 - Barbour at Aberdeen, and Richard Rolle de Hampole near Doncaster, wrote for their several countrymen in the same identical dialect. It is not, of course, implied that in the matter of orthography, in which every man did that which was right in his own eyes — and ears — and in which every copying clerk altered the spelling 01 his original to suit his own taste or convenience, there was absolute uniformity, although, even in...
الصفحة 35 - In the formation of wh and w the back of the tongue is raised towards the soft palate and the lips are rounded. 2. Lower lip against upper teeth: voiceless continuant f in 'fine
الصفحة 35 - To produce this sound, the front of the tongue is raised towards the hard palate and a groove shaped aperture is formed.
الصفحة 23 - In the production of this vowel the back of the tongue. is raised towards the soft palate and the tongue height is higher mid.
الصفحة 39 - ... is made between the back of the tongue and the soft palate, similar to the noise made in clearing the throat.
الصفحة 22 - Dictionary a syllabic consonant is preceded by an apostrophe. m § 33. As in English man. In the production of this sound, the lips are closed as for b, and prevent the breath from escaping through the mouth; however, the soft palate is lowered and the breath escapes through the nose, producing a nasal resonance. Correlative voiced stop, b; correlative voiceless stop, p. § 33.1. Syllabic m (see § 66). The sound m sometimes forms a syllable by itself, as in the English suffix -ism -Iz'm and in one...
الصفحة 36 - ... the passage between the tongue and the roof of the mouth is narrower for i and u than for e and o, and is widest for a.
الصفحة 24 - Contracted and tongue depressed so as to form a bottle-shaped cavity. (2) In the vowels A, E, I, and the modified German A. the lips are drawn far apart, and a contraction is made between the middle of the tongue and the hard palate. These have a higher and a deeper resonance tone.