as orthodox, till towards the middle of the eleventh century, when Berengar, Canon of Tours, and afterwards Archdeacon of Angers, called it in question in a letter addressed to Lanfranc, first, abbot of St Stephen in Caen, and afterwards archbishop of Canterbury. Berengar was condemned at Rome, 1050, under Leo X., without a hearing. This condemnation was repeated the same year at Vercelli. In 1054 another Council was held at Tours; but, with the help of Gregory VII., Berengar was protected from the fury of his enemies. In 1059 another Council was held at Rome, at which he was condemned through the violent conduct of Humbert, and compelled to subscribe a confession of faith drawn up by Humbert, in which he professed to believe," panem et vinum, quæ in altari ponuntur, post consecrationem, non solum sacramentum, sed etiam verum corpus et sanguinem Domini nostri Jesu Christi esse, et sensualiter, non solum sacramento, sed in veritate, manibus sacerdotum tractari, frangi, et fidelium dentibus atteri."

Hugo St Victor, an Augustinian canon in the monastery of St Victor at Paris, was born either at Ypres or in Lower Saxony in the year 1096. He was one of the most learned men of the age, and one of the profoundest thinkers. His aim was to combine scholasticism with mysticism. He was called by his contemporaries "alter Augustinus" and "lingua Augustini." His principal work is entitled:De sacramentis fidei Christianæ, Ll. II.

1. 311-12. [Colo]s. ii. The whole chapter is on union with Christ. Verse 19: And not holding the Head, from which all the body by joints and bands having nourishment ministered, and knit together, increaseth with the increase of God.

1. 455. Ioan [xiii.] 4-17. Christ washing the disciples' feet. 1. 511. Prov. ix] This may be for vi. or vii.: vi. 23, 29, or vii. 6-23. [Verse 18 of ch. ix. is meant by Lauder's 1. 514; but in his first reference to Luke xv. (the Prodigal Son), the elder son's words, 'as soon as this thy son was come, which hath devoured thy living with harlots,' may point to the literal meaning of the 'bread eaten in secret' of Prov. ix. 17.

13 A foolish woman is clamorous :

She is simple, and knoweth nothing.

14 For she sitteth at the door of her house, On a seat in the high places of the city,

15 To call passengers

Who go right on their ways:

16 Whoso is simple, let him turn in hither:

And as for him that wanteth understanding, she saith to him,

17 Stolen waters are sweet,

And bread eaten in secret1 is pleasant.

18 But he knoweth not that the dead are there;

And that her guests are in the depths of hell.-F. J. F.]

'Heb. of secrecies.

1. 518-19. Apoc. x[iv.] 9, 10, 11. And the third angel followed them, saying with a loud voice, If any man worship the beast and his image, and receive his mark in his forehead, or in his hand, the same shall drink of the wine of the wrath of God, which is poured out without mixture into the cup of his indignation; and he shall be tormented with fire and brimstone in the presence of the holy angels, and in the presence of the Lamb: and the smoke of their torment ascendeth up for ever and ever: and they have no rest day nor night, who worship the beast and his image, and whosoever receiveth the mark of his name.

1. 520. 1 Cor. [iii.] 3. For ye are yet carnal for whereas there is among you envying, and strife, and divisions, are ye not carnal, and walk as men? See Gal. v.

1. 538-41. [Ecc]l. v. 10. He that loveth silver shall not be satisfied with silver; nor he that loveth abundance with increase.

1. 552. [Eccl. v. 12, 13, 14. The abundance of the rich will not suffer him to sleep. There is a sore evil which I have seen under the sun, namely, riches kept for the owners thereof to their hurt. But those riches perish by evil travail.

1. 552. [Ps. x]ci. 7-9; Ps. xcii. of the Authorized Version. When the wicked spring as the grass, and when all the workers of iniquity do flourish; it is that they shall be destroyed for ever: for thou, Lord, art most high for evermore. For, lo, thine enemies, O Lord, for, lo, thine enemies shall perish; all the workers of iniquity shall be scattered.

1. 560-64. [Eccl. viii. 12, 13. Though a sinner do evil an hundred times, and his days be prolonged, yet surely I know that it shall be well with them that fear God, which fear before him: But it shall not be well with the wicked, neither shall he prolong his days, which are as a shadow; because he feareth not before God.

1. 613. [Mat. x.] et xv. 11-15. 15. Verily I say unto you, It shall be more tolerable for the land of Sodom and Gomorrha in the day of judgment, than for that city.

1. 636. Ioan. xv[ii.] 17. Sanctify them through thy truth; thy word is truth.

ib. verse 22. And the glory which thou gavest me I have given them; that they may be one, even as we are one; I in them, and thou in me, that they may be made perfect in one.

1. 684. [2] Cor. i. 20. For all the promises of God in him are yea, and in him Amen, unto the glory of God by us.

discydit, 6/83, discuss it, under- graip, 3/9, grope, feel, perceive

indurs, 4/36, endures, continues ingraft, 4/25, 29, engrafted

germane, 16/403, belonging to the ingrauit, 10/237, engrafted

lichtlyis, 28/74, makes light of, our, 19/499, over