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A.H.), 10 zodiacal rupees (5 signs), and a half rupee of Nur Jahan and Jahangir of the Sürat mint. Æ.-Ahmadābād coin struck in the name of Salim.

Shāh Jahān. —NA. Daulatābād.

R.—Kashmir, Daulatābād, Ujain.

Æ.-Akbarābād, Bairāt, Dehli.

Two coins of the Multan mint (one in gold and one in silver) are dated 33 (julus)=1069 (A. H.)

Aurangzeb.-R. Alamgirpur, Gwalior, Kabul, Narnol, Chinapatan,
Machhlipatan, Makhsūsābād, Ahsanābād, and a
Nithar of Shahjahānābād.

A.-Multan, Haidarābād, Bairat and Akbarābād.

Shah Alam Bahadur.-R. Multān, Chināpatan, Jūnagarh, Sirhind,
Karimābād and Ahmadnagar.

Farrukh Siyar.-R. Murshidābād, Burhānpār, Gwalior.

E.-Sūrat (?)

Rafi-ud-darjat.-R. Ujain.

Muhammad Shah.-A. Kora.

R.-Ujain, Islamābād, Elichpār.
A.-Machhlipatan.

Ahmad Shah.-R. Mahindrapur.

Alamgir II.-R. Balwantnagar, Baldat-i-Safa, Murādābād and

Najibābād.
Æ.—Najibābād.

Shah Jahan III.-R. Ahmadabad, Mahindrapur.

Shah Alam II.-R. Najibābād, Morādābād, Narwar, Deogarh,

Srinagar, Gohad, Gokalgarh, Bhopal,
Muminābād Brindaban, Husainābād,
Jammun, Islāmābād Mathura, Panipat,

Najibgarh, Krishnagar, Hardwār, Muzaf-
fargarh and Sahāranpur.

A.-Narwar, Najibābād, Sahāranpur, Islāmābād
Mathura, Muminābād, Kachrauli, Baroda,
Brindaban, Najafgarh.

Bedar Bakht. A.-Ahmadābād.

Akbar II. A.-Muzaffargarh, Dholpur, Sheopur, Braj Indrapur

and Gohad.

Æ.—Ahmadābād, Baroda, Jodhpur and Jaipur.

Ed.

23. RUPEES OF AKBAR OF THE ALLAHABAD MINT.

A recent find of 21 silver coins in the Rai Bareli district of Oudh contained 9 rupees of Akbar struck at Allahābād, of which three were dated 46 Ilāhi and four 47 Ilahi. These rupees, especially those of the former year, are very scarce. The coins were acquired by Government

and are in the Lucknow Museum.

24. ON TWO RECENT MINT LISTS.

Ed.

The current year (1904) has witnessed the publication of two noteworthy Lists of Mints-one prepared by Dr. Oliver Codrington, I.M.S., and forming not the least valuable portion of his invaluable "Manual of Musalman Numismatics "; the other compiled by Mr. R. Burn, I.C.S., and communicated to the Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. The former List is characterised in a marked degree by the special qualities that distinguish the "Manual" as a whole. In order to its preparation not only scholarship and skill, but, that much rarer qualification, the faculty for patient plodding was requisite, inasmuch as the entire range of literature on the numerous classes of coins bearing either Arabic or Persian legends would seem to have been placed under contribution. It is not strange then that the resultant Mint List has assumed somewhat formidable proportions. It comprises in all the names of no less than 1,067 mints ranging from Spain in the Far West to Malaysia in the Far East. Of the various coin-groups included in this aggregate List that of the Mughal Em-perors of India-or, as the "Manual," in the effort after brevity, styles them, of the "Dehli Emperors "-is not the least extensive. We find here registered 189 Indian Mughal Mints, a sufficiently remark-. able advance upon the 80 recorded in the Coin Catalogue of the British Museum, or the 105 in the Lahor Museum Catalogue. In a work covering so vast a range, yet all comprised within 240 pages, cannot in fairness expect detailed information regarding the coin-issues from the individual mints. It is just this detail, however, that Mr. Burn's Mint List supplies in abundant measure. From it we learn not merely the names of the Mughal Mints in India, but the reigns during which each several mint was in operation, and—for coin-collectors most welcome information-a cabinet in which can to-day be found specimens, whether in gold or silver or copper, of the coins struck at the different mints in the different reigns. As to place, this List is restricted to Indian Mints; and as to time, to the three centuries preceding the Indian Mutiny: yet, notwithstanding this comparatively narrow range, no less than 204 mints fail to be

one

registered. Thus the two Lists, Dr. Codrington's and Mr. Burn's, will be found to supply material mutually complementary. Their almost simultaneous publication has placed coin-collectors, and especially those in this country, under a debt of more than ordinany obligation; and the two Lists together constitute quite the most valuable contribution of recent years to the study of (modern) Indian Numismatics.

The following notes on these two Lists may perhaps be of use for reference.

A. Re Codrington's Lists.

Mints of "Dehli Emperors;" Total 189.

But Atak and Aṭak Banāras are merely variant names of one mint.
Similarly Ahmadnagar Farrukhābād and Farrukhābād ;

Akhtarnagar Awadh and Awadh;

Urdu, Urdu dar rāh-i-Dakhin, and Urdu Zafar Qarin;
Indrapur, Braj Indrapur, Maharandurpur, and Mahapūr ;
Aujan and Ujain;

Banaras and Muḥammadabad Banaras ;

Dāral tasawwur and Jodhpur ;

Zinat al Bilad and Aḥmadabad;

Sawa'i Jaipur and Jaipur;

Sitapur and Sitpür;

Shāhābād Qanauj and Shergarh Qanauj;

Mustaqirral Mulk and Akbarabād ;

Mūminābad and Bindraban;

Nagpur and Nāgor.

*Thus the total number of mint falls by 18, that is to say from 189 to 171.

Further, the following mint-names are too doubtful to be accepted for inclusion:

Ajāyür, Jalūnābad, Kānān, Kāndi, Kalkata, and Nagar.
Hence the total 171 falls now to 165.

However, in Codrington's List (but not in Burn's) “Hasanabad or Husainabad " is counted as only one mint. It seems safer to regard them as two, Ḥasnābād and Ḥusainābād: in which case the total rises

* In conformity with the prevailing practice both variants have been retained in the case of the following well-known doublets :-Agra and Akbarābād, Dehli and Shāhjahānābād, Aurangābād and Khujista Bunyād, Patna and ‘Aṇīmābād, Makḥṣuṣā¬ bad and Murshidabad.

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from 165 to 166. Of these 166 mints 23 are not recorded in Burn's List.

B. Re Burn's List.

Mints of the Mughal Emperors of India: Total 204.

Here also each of the following groups contains merely variant names of a single mint:

Atak and Aṭak Banāras ;

Akhtarnagar Awadh and Awadh.

Urdu, Urdū dar rāh-i-Dakhin, and Urdū Zafar Qarin;
Aṣafābād Bareli and Bareli;

Banaras, Muḥammadābād Banaras, and Banaras Sirsa;
Dār al Jihad and Ḥaidarābād;

Dar al tasawwur and Jodhpur;
Salimgarh Ajmir and Ajmir;

Shāhābād Qanauj, Shergarh Qanauj, Shergarh and Qanauj;
Braj Indrapur and Maha Indrapur;

Mūminābād and Bindraban;

Nagpur and Nāgor;

and, as before, Ajāyūr, Būtān, Jalūnabād, Kānān, and Nagar scarcely justify their claim to admission.

Hence the total in this List falls from 204 to 183. Of this latter number 40 are absent from Codrington's List.

C. The following are the 143 mints common to both Lists:

N.B.—In this sub-list a mint's variant names are indicated by letters (b, c, and d), and the rejected mint-names by brackets. These lettered or bracketed mints may, or may not, be common to the two Lists. They are not included in making up any of the totals.

1. Etawa or Etawa; 2. Aṭak, 26. Aṭak Banāras; (Ajāyūr); 3. Ajmir, 3b. Salimgarh Ajmir; 4. Ahsanābād; 5. Aḥmadābād; 6. Ahmadnagar; 7. Udaipur; 8. Urdū, 86. Urdu dar rāh-i-dakhin, 8c. Urdu Zafar Qarin; 9. Arkāt; 11. Islāmābād; 14. Asir; 16. A'zamnagar; 17. Akbarābād; 18. Akbarpur; 19. Akbarnagar; 20. Agra; 22. Ilahābād; 23. Imtiyāzgarh 236. Imtiyāzgaṛh Adoni; 24. Amirkoṭ; 25. Indrapūr, 256. Braj Indrapur, 25c. Maha Indrapur, (Maharandurpur), (Maharpūr); 26. Anwlā; 27. Ūjain or Ujjain; (Aujan); 28. Awadh, 286. Akhtarnagar Awadh; 29. Aurangābād; 30. Aurangnagar; 32. Eliohpür; 38. Burhanpur; 39. Bareli, 396. Aṣafābād Bareli; 43. Banāras, 436. Banaras Sirsa, 43c. Muḥammadābād Banāras; 44. Bindraban, 44b. Müminābād Bindraban; 45. Bandar Shahi;

53.

47. Bankapür; 48. Bangala; (Butān); 49. Bahadurpattan; Bharatpur; 55. Bhakkar or Bakkar or Bhakkar; 57. Bhilsa; 58. Bijapur; 49. Bairata; 60. Panipat; 61. Pattan Dev; 62. Patna; 63. Panjnagar; 66. Peshawar or Peshawar; 68. Tatta; 71. Jalālpür; (Jalūnābād); 72. Jalair or Jalair; 73. Jammu or Jammun; 74. Jodhpur; 75. Jaunpur; 76. Junagarh; 78. Jhansi; 81. Jahangirnagar; 82. Jaipur, 826. Sawa'i Jaipur; 84. Chachrauli or Chhachrauli; 85. Chunār; 87. Chitor or Chaitaur; 88. Chīnāpattan; 89. Ḥāfizābād; 90. Ḥasnābād (perhaps Aḥsanābād); 91. Husainabad; 92. Hisar, 926. Ḥiṣār Firoza; 93. Haidarābād; 94. Khārpur; 95. Khujista Bunyad; 96. Khairpur; (Dar al jihad); (Dar al tasawwur); 99. Dāmla; 100. Dilshādābād; 101. Dogām or Doganw or Adogām; 102. Daulatābād; 103. Dehli; 104. Dera; 105. Dingarh; 107. Dewal; (Zinat al bilād);

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112. Sarangpur ; 115. Sironj; 116. Srinagar; 119. Sūrat; 120. Sahāranpur; 121. Sahrind or Sarhind'; (Sitapur); 125. Shahjahānābād; 126. Sholapur; 128. Sherpur; 129. Zafarābād; 130. Zafarpur; 131. Zafarnagar; 132. 'Alamgirpur; 134. 'Azīmābād; 135. Fatḥābād Dhārür; 136. Fatḥpür; 137. Farrukhābād, 1376. Aḥmadnagar Farrukhābād; 138. Farrukhnagar; 139. Firozpur; 140. Firoznagar; 141. Qamarnagar; 142. Qandabar; 143. Qanauj; 1436. Shāhābād Qanauj, 143c. Shergarh Qanauj; 143d. Shergarh; 144. Kābul; 145. Kālpi; (Kānān); (Kāndi); 147. Kaṭak; 148. Kachrauli (perhaps Chachrauli); 151. Karimābād; 152. Kashmir; 153. Kalānūr; (Kalkata); 154. Korā; 155. Khanbāyat or Kanbāyat; 157. Gulburga or Kalburga; 158. Gulkanda; 159. Gangpur; 160. Gwāliar; 161. Govindpur; 162. Güti; 163. Gorakhpur or Gorakpur; 164. Gokalgarh; 165. Lahor; 166. Lakhnau; 167. Lahri Bandar; 168. Malpūr; 169. Mānikpur; 172. Mathurā Islāmābād; 174. Machhlipattan; (Muḥammadābād-Udaipur or Champānir or Kālpi or Muḥammadābād Banaras); 175. Muḥammadnagar; 176. Makhṣūṣābād; 178. Murādābād; 179. Murshidābād; 180. Muṣṭafa-ābād; 181. Muzaffarābād; 182. Muzaffargarh; 183. Mu'azzamābād; 184. Multān; 185. Maliknagar; 186. Mulhārnagar; 187. Mumbai, 1876. Mumbai Sūrat; 188. Maṇdū ; 189. Mahisūr; 190. Mirath; 191. Mailāpūr; 192. Nārnol; 193. Nagpur or Nāgor; 195. Najafgarh; 196. Najibābād; 200. Nusratābād ; (Nagar); 206. Hardwar.

Undermentioned are the 23 mints present in Dr. Codrington's List but not in Mr. Burn's :

10. Asfir?; 15. I'zābād ?; 34. Budaun; 35. Badakhshan; 46 Binda; 51. Bhawalpur; 67. Tanda; 69. Jālandar; 70. Jalālābād; 77. Jahānābād; 79. Jahāngīrābād; 80. Jahangirpur; 83. Chitrakut or Chatarkot or Chatarkoh; 86. Champānir; 108. Ranajin ?; 117.

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